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将聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合膜用于乙醇/水溶液的渗透汽化过程,考察了料液浓度、操作温度、膜后真空度等操作条件对复合膜渗透通量和分离因子的影响。实验结果表明,复合膜的渗透通量随着操作温度和膜后真空度的升高而增加,分离因子随着料液浓度、操作温度和膜后真空度的升高而减小,在料液浓度低于70%时显优先透醇性,在料液浓度高于70%时显优先透水性。温度对PVA膜渗透通量的影响符合Arrhenius方程。由Arrhenius公式计算得到乙醇组分的渗透活化能Ep=42.88kJ/mol。
The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite membrane was used in the pervaporation process of ethanol / water solution. The influences of feed concentration, operating temperature and vacuum degree on the permeation flux and separation factor of the composite membrane were investigated. The experimental results show that the permeation flux of the composite membrane increases with the increase of the operating temperature and the vacuum degree after the membrane. The separation factor decreases with the increase of the feed concentration, the operating temperature and the vacuum degree after the membrane. When the concentration is lower than 70%, it has the priority of alcohol permeability. When the concentration of the feed liquid is higher than 70%, it has the priority of water permeability. The influence of temperature on the permeation flux of PVA membrane accords with Arrhenius equation. From the Arrhenius formula, the permeation activation energy Ep of the ethanol component is calculated to be 42.88 kJ / mol.