论文部分内容阅读
一､ 重点单词
1. account
【考纲释义】 n. 叙述;帐目;帐户
【备考实例】
______ should any money be given to a small child.
A. On no account B. By any means
C. In that case D. To some degree
【考点解析】 题干是倒装句,应选择一个表示否定意义的短语｡
on no account (= by no means, in no case 决不,绝对不)位于句首时句子要倒装;by any means “无论如何”;in that case“在那种情况下”;to some degree “在某种程度上”｡答案为A｡
由account构成的重要词组还有on account of = because of｡例如:
The train was late on account of the thick fog.
2. attempt
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 尝试;努力
【备考实例】
A man is being questioned by the police in relation to the_______murder last night.
A. advised
B. attempted
C. attended
D. admitted
【考点解析】 根据题意“一个与昨晚企图谋杀案(谋杀未遂)有关的人正接受警方的询问｡”正确答案为B｡attempt作动词时,常用短语有:attempt to do / doing sth. 企图/尝试做某事;作名词时,常用短语有:make an attempt to do sth. “试图做某事”;at one’s attempt “在____努力下”｡
3. familiar
【考纲释义】 adj. 熟悉的;常见的
【考点解析】 be familiar with sb. / sth. “熟悉某人/某物”;be familiar to sb.“为某人所熟知”｡例如:
He is familiar with music.
Super Girls are familiar to young fans.
4. concentrate
【考纲释义】 vi. 集中;全神贯注;vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩
【备考实例】
She was so_______in the job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.
A. attracted
B. absorbed
C. centered
D. concentrated
【考点解析】 根据题意“她埋头工作没有听到有人敲门”,正确答案为B｡be absorbed in“专心致志于____”;be attracted to / by“被____吸引”;be centered / concentrated on“专心致志于____”;concentrate one’s attention / thought on / upon“集中注意力/思想于____”;concentrate on / upon = fix one’s mind on / upon = centre on “专心致专于____”｡
4. delight
【考纲释义】 vt. 给(某人)乐趣;使愉快n. 高兴;愉快
【考点解析】 delight作及物动词时常以人作宾语,表示“使(某人)愉快”｡例如:
Your visit last week delighted us.
另外delight常用过去分词作表语,构成词组be delighted with / at / by ... “对/因____而高兴”｡例如:
We were delighted with at/by your success.
delight作名词讲时通常是不可数名词,意思是“高兴;愉快”;也可以是可数名词,意思是“使人高兴的事;乐趣”｡例如:
I listened to the news with delight.
Your letters are always a delight.
5. puzzle
【考纲释义】 vt.&vi. (使)迷惑;(使)为难;(使)苦思;n.智力测试;难题;令人费解的事(或人)
【备考实例】
Facing the_______situation the sale manager looked_______. (2005江苏南京模拟)
A. puzzling; puzzled
C. puzzled; puzzling
B. puzzled; puzzled
D. puzzled; puzzling
【考点解析】 题干意思为:“面临令人为难的局势,销售部经理一脸困惑｡”正确答案为A｡
puzzle作动词用法如下:
(1) sth. + puzzle + sb. “某物使某人疑惑”
(2) sb. + be + puzzled“某人感到疑惑”
(3) sth. + be + puzzling “某物令人疑惑”
6. equip
【考纲释义】 vt. 装备;配备
【考点解析】 equip作及物动词时常用的短语有: be equipped with ... “配备/装备着____”;equip oneself for=prepare oneself for ... “为____作准备”｡equip的名词形式为equipment[u]“设备;装备;器材”｡例如: a piece of equipment“一件设备”
7. suggest
【考纲释义】 vt. 建议;暗示
【备考实例】
—How do you_______we go to Beijing for our holiday?
—I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. (2004福建)
A. insist
B. want
C. suppose
D. suggest
【考点解析】 根据答语“I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.”可以看出第二个人在提意见,那么第一个人应当是在征求建议｡答案为D｡当suggest表示“建议”时,后接动名词作宾语,不用不定式作宾语,若是后接宾语从句,谓语通常用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形的形式｡当suggest表示“暗示;表明”后接从句时,常用陈述语气｡
8. praise
【考纲释义】 n. & vt. 称赞;表扬;赞美
【考点解析】 praise作及物动词时常用于praise sb. for (doing) sth.“因某事表扬某人”;作名词时常用的短语有: in praise of “为了颂扬”;sing high praise for“高度赞扬”｡
9. entire
【考纲释义】 adj. 全部的;整个的
【备考实例】
He put the_______of his money into the bank.
A. whole
B. all
C. entire
D. complete
【考点解析】 题干意思是:“他把所有钱都存进了银行｡”whole“全部,整个”,此处用作名词,正确答案为A｡entire只用作形容词,意义和用法接近作形容词用的whole｡例如:
The entire / whole village was destroyed.
10. mine
【考纲释义】 pron. 我的n. 矿;矿井,地雷vt. & vi.开矿;采矿
【考点解析】 mine作“矿;矿井”讲时是可数名词,a gold mine“金矿”,a coal mine“煤矿”,a mine of information(喻)“信息库”;作动词时常用于:mine (for) sth.“开/采____矿”; mine+地点名词,表示“在____地方布雷”｡
11. wealth
【考纲释义】 n. [u] 财产,财富
【备考实例】
He gained his_______by printing_______of famous writers.
A. wealth; workB. wealths; work
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
【考点解析】 此题考查名词的“可数”与“不可数”情况｡wealth当“财富;财产”讲时,是抽象名词,不可数｡work当“工作”讲时是不可数名词,作“著作”讲时,是可数名词｡答案为D｡
12. reward
【考纲释义】 vt. 报答;酬劳; n. 报酬;奖励
【备考实例】
He is always working hard, and I believe all his efforts will_______at last.
A. reward
B. be rewarded
C. award
D. be awarded
【考点解析】 此题考查动词词义辨析和动词的语态｡reward和award都是及物动词,前者表示“报答;回报;酬报”等意思,后者表示“授与;颁发;给予”等意思｡根据题意“他总是努力学习,所以我相信他所有的努力终将得到回报,”动词应该用reward的被动语态形式｡正确答案为B｡
13. arise (arose, arisen)
【考纲释义】 vi. 起来;上升;出现
【备考实例】
A completely new situation will
when the examination system comes into existence. (2005成都高三诊断)
A. ariseB. riseC. raiseD. arouse
【考点解析】 答案为A｡arise意为“发生;出现”,相当于happen,appear等,另外arise还有“起来;上升”之意,相当于rise,raise是及物动词,有“引起;举起”之意｡arouse也是及物动词,有“唤醒;唤起;引起”之意｡
14. appoint
【考纲释义】 vt. 任命;委派;约定(时间､地点等)
【备考实例】
We must_______a new teacher at once to the mountain school.
A. appreciate
B. appoint
C. appeal
D. apply
【考点解析】 答案是B｡题意为“我们必须委派一名新教师到那所山村小学｡”appoint常用于以下结构中:(1) appoint sb. to sth.“任命某人做某工作”;(2) appoint sb. (as) sth.“任命某人担任某职位”;(3) appoint sth. for sth. “为某事确定或决定(时间､地点)”等｡例如:
Who shall we appoint (as) chairman?
The time they appointed for the meeting was 10∶30.
其名词形式为appointment[c]任命;约会fix / make an appointment with sb. “和某人约会/约定”｡
二､ 重点短语
1. set down 记下;写下(= write / put / note down)
【知识拓展】 与set有关的短语:
set aside留出;拔出(时间､金钱等)
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set free 释放
set off 出发;引爆
set out 出发;开始做(to do sth.)
set foot on / in踏上;涉足
set sail 起航
set up 创立;建立
set an example to为____树立榜样
2. stand out 突出;出色;显眼
【知识拓展】 与stand有关的短语:
stand by 站在一旁,袖手旁观;和____站在一边,支持
stand for代表;象征;支持
stand up 站起;站得住脚
3. make for 走向,有利于,可造成,可成为
【知识拓展】 由make构成的短语:
make it 成功;及时到达;确定时间
make out 认出
make up 虚构;化装;组成;补足;和解
4. apply for申请
【注意】 apply to ... for ... 向____申请____｡例如:
He has applied to the company for the job.
5. burst into突然____起来
【注意】 burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义:
burst into laughter 突然大笑起来
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
burst into flames 突然燃烧起来
burst into cheers 突然欢呼起来
【辨析】 burst out 后接动名词也表示同样的意思
burst out laughing / crying 突然笑/哭起来
6. bring up提出(问题,建议等);培养;养育;呕吐
【知识拓展】 由bring 构成的词组:
bring about 引起;造成
bring back 使恢复
bring forward 提出
bring in 引进;赚钱;获得
7. apart from 除____之外
【注意】 (1) apart from = besides例如:
Apart from the driver, there were 20 people in the bus.
(2) apart from=except (for) 例如:
It is a good composition apart from a few mistakes in it.
8. run out 用完;用光
注意: run out是不及物短语动词,不能带宾语,而run out of是及物短语动词｡例如:
Our food has run out. = We have run out of our food.
9. refer to 涉及;提及;提到;针对____而言;查阅
When I said someone was silly, I wasn’t referring to you.当我说有人傻时,我不是指你｡
The teacher referred to just now is my brother.刚刚提到的那位老师是我哥哥｡
When you come across a new word, refer to a dictionary.遇到生词时查一下字典吧｡
【知识拓展】 refer to ... as 认为____是
10. make it 成功
As a businessman, he made it finally.作为一个商人,他终于成功了｡
【知识拓展】 make it to (按时)到达;make it + 时间,确定在____时候
He was the first to make it to the top of the mountain. 他是第一个成功到达山顶的人｡
Let’s make it next Thursday. 咱们定在下个星期二吧｡
11. be made up of由____组成(指由部分组成整体)
【知识拓展】 be made of 由____制成(看得出原材料)
be made from 由____制成(看不出原材料)
be made in 在某地制造(后接地点名词)
12. feed on 以____为主食
【辨析】 feed ... on ... 用____喂____They feed their dog on fresh meat.
feed ... to ... 把____喂给____ They fed fresh meat to their dog.
be fed up with = be tired of 对____厌烦
13. keep out 使____呆在外面,不让____进入｡例如:
Keep the dog out. 别让狗进来｡
keep out of 不让____进入____｡例如:
Keep children out of my study. 别让孩子进我的书房｡
【辨析】 keep off不接近;不接触
keep away from=keep off
keep back不让____向前;阻止____前进
14. suffer from遭受____之苦;患(病)｡例如:
He suffered a lot from cold and hunger. 他饱受饥寒之苦｡
She suffers from a stomachache 她患有胃病｡
15. look out (for)当心;留意
【知识拓展】 由look构成的短语:
look at看;瞧
look after照顾
look around 环顾
look down upon 瞧不起
look for 寻找
look forward to 期望
look into 注视;调查
look up 查阅;抬头看
look up to 敬仰;尊重
16. pass away 去过;逝世
【知识拓展】 pass by 经过;时间流逝;忽视
pass on 传递;传给;去世(= pass away)
pass through穿过;经历过
1. account
【考纲释义】 n. 叙述;帐目;帐户
【备考实例】
______ should any money be given to a small child.
A. On no account B. By any means
C. In that case D. To some degree
【考点解析】 题干是倒装句,应选择一个表示否定意义的短语｡
on no account (= by no means, in no case 决不,绝对不)位于句首时句子要倒装;by any means “无论如何”;in that case“在那种情况下”;to some degree “在某种程度上”｡答案为A｡
由account构成的重要词组还有on account of = because of｡例如:
The train was late on account of the thick fog.
2. attempt
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 尝试;努力
【备考实例】
A man is being questioned by the police in relation to the_______murder last night.
A. advised
B. attempted
C. attended
D. admitted
【考点解析】 根据题意“一个与昨晚企图谋杀案(谋杀未遂)有关的人正接受警方的询问｡”正确答案为B｡attempt作动词时,常用短语有:attempt to do / doing sth. 企图/尝试做某事;作名词时,常用短语有:make an attempt to do sth. “试图做某事”;at one’s attempt “在____努力下”｡
3. familiar
【考纲释义】 adj. 熟悉的;常见的
【考点解析】 be familiar with sb. / sth. “熟悉某人/某物”;be familiar to sb.“为某人所熟知”｡例如:
He is familiar with music.
Super Girls are familiar to young fans.
4. concentrate
【考纲释义】 vi. 集中;全神贯注;vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩
【备考实例】
She was so_______in the job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.
A. attracted
B. absorbed
C. centered
D. concentrated
【考点解析】 根据题意“她埋头工作没有听到有人敲门”,正确答案为B｡be absorbed in“专心致志于____”;be attracted to / by“被____吸引”;be centered / concentrated on“专心致志于____”;concentrate one’s attention / thought on / upon“集中注意力/思想于____”;concentrate on / upon = fix one’s mind on / upon = centre on “专心致专于____”｡
4. delight
【考纲释义】 vt. 给(某人)乐趣;使愉快n. 高兴;愉快
【考点解析】 delight作及物动词时常以人作宾语,表示“使(某人)愉快”｡例如:
Your visit last week delighted us.
另外delight常用过去分词作表语,构成词组be delighted with / at / by ... “对/因____而高兴”｡例如:
We were delighted with at/by your success.
delight作名词讲时通常是不可数名词,意思是“高兴;愉快”;也可以是可数名词,意思是“使人高兴的事;乐趣”｡例如:
I listened to the news with delight.
Your letters are always a delight.
5. puzzle
【考纲释义】 vt.&vi. (使)迷惑;(使)为难;(使)苦思;n.智力测试;难题;令人费解的事(或人)
【备考实例】
Facing the_______situation the sale manager looked_______. (2005江苏南京模拟)
A. puzzling; puzzled
C. puzzled; puzzling
B. puzzled; puzzled
D. puzzled; puzzling
【考点解析】 题干意思为:“面临令人为难的局势,销售部经理一脸困惑｡”正确答案为A｡
puzzle作动词用法如下:
(1) sth. + puzzle + sb. “某物使某人疑惑”
(2) sb. + be + puzzled“某人感到疑惑”
(3) sth. + be + puzzling “某物令人疑惑”
6. equip
【考纲释义】 vt. 装备;配备
【考点解析】 equip作及物动词时常用的短语有: be equipped with ... “配备/装备着____”;equip oneself for=prepare oneself for ... “为____作准备”｡equip的名词形式为equipment[u]“设备;装备;器材”｡例如: a piece of equipment“一件设备”
7. suggest
【考纲释义】 vt. 建议;暗示
【备考实例】
—How do you_______we go to Beijing for our holiday?
—I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. (2004福建)
A. insist
B. want
C. suppose
D. suggest
【考点解析】 根据答语“I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.”可以看出第二个人在提意见,那么第一个人应当是在征求建议｡答案为D｡当suggest表示“建议”时,后接动名词作宾语,不用不定式作宾语,若是后接宾语从句,谓语通常用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形的形式｡当suggest表示“暗示;表明”后接从句时,常用陈述语气｡
8. praise
【考纲释义】 n. & vt. 称赞;表扬;赞美
【考点解析】 praise作及物动词时常用于praise sb. for (doing) sth.“因某事表扬某人”;作名词时常用的短语有: in praise of “为了颂扬”;sing high praise for“高度赞扬”｡
9. entire
【考纲释义】 adj. 全部的;整个的
【备考实例】
He put the_______of his money into the bank.
A. whole
B. all
C. entire
D. complete
【考点解析】 题干意思是:“他把所有钱都存进了银行｡”whole“全部,整个”,此处用作名词,正确答案为A｡entire只用作形容词,意义和用法接近作形容词用的whole｡例如:
The entire / whole village was destroyed.
10. mine
【考纲释义】 pron. 我的n. 矿;矿井,地雷vt. & vi.开矿;采矿
【考点解析】 mine作“矿;矿井”讲时是可数名词,a gold mine“金矿”,a coal mine“煤矿”,a mine of information(喻)“信息库”;作动词时常用于:mine (for) sth.“开/采____矿”; mine+地点名词,表示“在____地方布雷”｡
11. wealth
【考纲释义】 n. [u] 财产,财富
【备考实例】
He gained his_______by printing_______of famous writers.
A. wealth; workB. wealths; work
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
【考点解析】 此题考查名词的“可数”与“不可数”情况｡wealth当“财富;财产”讲时,是抽象名词,不可数｡work当“工作”讲时是不可数名词,作“著作”讲时,是可数名词｡答案为D｡
12. reward
【考纲释义】 vt. 报答;酬劳; n. 报酬;奖励
【备考实例】
He is always working hard, and I believe all his efforts will_______at last.
A. reward
B. be rewarded
C. award
D. be awarded
【考点解析】 此题考查动词词义辨析和动词的语态｡reward和award都是及物动词,前者表示“报答;回报;酬报”等意思,后者表示“授与;颁发;给予”等意思｡根据题意“他总是努力学习,所以我相信他所有的努力终将得到回报,”动词应该用reward的被动语态形式｡正确答案为B｡
13. arise (arose, arisen)
【考纲释义】 vi. 起来;上升;出现
【备考实例】
A completely new situation will
when the examination system comes into existence. (2005成都高三诊断)
A. ariseB. riseC. raiseD. arouse
【考点解析】 答案为A｡arise意为“发生;出现”,相当于happen,appear等,另外arise还有“起来;上升”之意,相当于rise,raise是及物动词,有“引起;举起”之意｡arouse也是及物动词,有“唤醒;唤起;引起”之意｡
14. appoint
【考纲释义】 vt. 任命;委派;约定(时间､地点等)
【备考实例】
We must_______a new teacher at once to the mountain school.
A. appreciate
B. appoint
C. appeal
D. apply
【考点解析】 答案是B｡题意为“我们必须委派一名新教师到那所山村小学｡”appoint常用于以下结构中:(1) appoint sb. to sth.“任命某人做某工作”;(2) appoint sb. (as) sth.“任命某人担任某职位”;(3) appoint sth. for sth. “为某事确定或决定(时间､地点)”等｡例如:
Who shall we appoint (as) chairman?
The time they appointed for the meeting was 10∶30.
其名词形式为appointment[c]任命;约会fix / make an appointment with sb. “和某人约会/约定”｡
二､ 重点短语
1. set down 记下;写下(= write / put / note down)
【知识拓展】 与set有关的短语:
set aside留出;拔出(时间､金钱等)
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set free 释放
set off 出发;引爆
set out 出发;开始做(to do sth.)
set foot on / in踏上;涉足
set sail 起航
set up 创立;建立
set an example to为____树立榜样
2. stand out 突出;出色;显眼
【知识拓展】 与stand有关的短语:
stand by 站在一旁,袖手旁观;和____站在一边,支持
stand for代表;象征;支持
stand up 站起;站得住脚
3. make for 走向,有利于,可造成,可成为
【知识拓展】 由make构成的短语:
make it 成功;及时到达;确定时间
make out 认出
make up 虚构;化装;组成;补足;和解
4. apply for申请
【注意】 apply to ... for ... 向____申请____｡例如:
He has applied to the company for the job.
5. burst into突然____起来
【注意】 burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义:
burst into laughter 突然大笑起来
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
burst into flames 突然燃烧起来
burst into cheers 突然欢呼起来
【辨析】 burst out 后接动名词也表示同样的意思
burst out laughing / crying 突然笑/哭起来
6. bring up提出(问题,建议等);培养;养育;呕吐
【知识拓展】 由bring 构成的词组:
bring about 引起;造成
bring back 使恢复
bring forward 提出
bring in 引进;赚钱;获得
7. apart from 除____之外
【注意】 (1) apart from = besides例如:
Apart from the driver, there were 20 people in the bus.
(2) apart from=except (for) 例如:
It is a good composition apart from a few mistakes in it.
8. run out 用完;用光
注意: run out是不及物短语动词,不能带宾语,而run out of是及物短语动词｡例如:
Our food has run out. = We have run out of our food.
9. refer to 涉及;提及;提到;针对____而言;查阅
When I said someone was silly, I wasn’t referring to you.当我说有人傻时,我不是指你｡
The teacher referred to just now is my brother.刚刚提到的那位老师是我哥哥｡
When you come across a new word, refer to a dictionary.遇到生词时查一下字典吧｡
【知识拓展】 refer to ... as 认为____是
10. make it 成功
As a businessman, he made it finally.作为一个商人,他终于成功了｡
【知识拓展】 make it to (按时)到达;make it + 时间,确定在____时候
He was the first to make it to the top of the mountain. 他是第一个成功到达山顶的人｡
Let’s make it next Thursday. 咱们定在下个星期二吧｡
11. be made up of由____组成(指由部分组成整体)
【知识拓展】 be made of 由____制成(看得出原材料)
be made from 由____制成(看不出原材料)
be made in 在某地制造(后接地点名词)
12. feed on 以____为主食
【辨析】 feed ... on ... 用____喂____They feed their dog on fresh meat.
feed ... to ... 把____喂给____ They fed fresh meat to their dog.
be fed up with = be tired of 对____厌烦
13. keep out 使____呆在外面,不让____进入｡例如:
Keep the dog out. 别让狗进来｡
keep out of 不让____进入____｡例如:
Keep children out of my study. 别让孩子进我的书房｡
【辨析】 keep off不接近;不接触
keep away from=keep off
keep back不让____向前;阻止____前进
14. suffer from遭受____之苦;患(病)｡例如:
He suffered a lot from cold and hunger. 他饱受饥寒之苦｡
She suffers from a stomachache 她患有胃病｡
15. look out (for)当心;留意
【知识拓展】 由look构成的短语:
look at看;瞧
look after照顾
look around 环顾
look down upon 瞧不起
look for 寻找
look forward to 期望
look into 注视;调查
look up 查阅;抬头看
look up to 敬仰;尊重
16. pass away 去过;逝世
【知识拓展】 pass by 经过;时间流逝;忽视
pass on 传递;传给;去世(= pass away)
pass through穿过;经历过