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目的为研究川崎病提供实验模型。方法 20只日本大耳幼兔随机分为模型组和对照组,各10只。两组分别通过耳缘静脉,在第1和第12天各注射一次牛血清白蛋白和生理盐水。在首次注射后的第6周,行冠脉造影,并在1 h内分离冠状动脉,行组织病理学检测和超微结构电镜观察。结果冠脉造影显示,模型组中3只兔的左侧冠状动脉出现不同程度的扩张或狭窄;组织病理学显示,模型组的冠状动脉均出现内皮增厚、不同程度的炎症细胞浸润,不完整的冠脉内皮;而对照组兔冠状动脉内皮完整、光滑、均匀;透射电镜显示,模型组的冠状动脉内皮不连续,出现脱落的内皮细胞、肿胀的线粒体、扩张的内质网和中层平滑肌细胞肿胀变性,同时发现部分内弹力膜断裂。结论牛血清白蛋白可诱导兔产生免疫性冠状动脉炎性病变,该病变与人川崎病冠状动脉的病理学改变具有相似性。
Objective To provide experimental models for studying Kawasaki disease. Methods Twenty Japanese big ear rabbits were randomly divided into model group and control group, each with 10 rats. Two groups were injected with bovine serum albumin and saline on the first and the twelfth day through the ear vein respectively. At 6 weeks after the first injection, coronary angiography was performed and the coronary arteries were isolated within 1 h. Histopathological examination and ultrastructure were performed. Results Coronary angiography showed that the left coronary arteries of 3 rabbits in the model group showed different degree of dilatation or stenosis. Histopathology showed that the coronary arteries of the model group showed endothelial thickening, varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration and incomplete Of coronary artery endothelium, while the control group had intact, smooth and uniform coronary endothelium. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the coronary artery endothelium of the model group was discontinuous and there were exfoliated endothelial cells, swollen mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum and middle smooth muscle cells Swelling degeneration, also found that part of the elastic membrane rupture. Conclusion Bovine serum albumin can induce immune-induced coronary artery inflammatory lesions in rabbits, which is similar to the pathological changes of coronary artery in Kawasaki disease.