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针对油品储运过程中,自然挥发造成的各种损耗严重的问题,连续测量和分析了某固定顶金属油罐24h内周围环境、油罐顶部和油罐侧壁温度的变化,以及油罐内油品和油气空间上、中、下部温度梯度的分布和变化情况。结果表明:油气空间温度的变化同时受环境温度和太阳辐射的影响,在阳光照射下,以太阳辐射能为主;油气空间存在自上而下逐渐减小的温度梯度;油罐内油面10cm以下的油品温度,在24h内基本不变,油品整体温度仅随季节更替而变化;在24h内,油罐罐顶金属表面的温度变化非常大,而罐壁温度基本不变。根据油气空间温度的受热特点及其与油品小呼吸损耗的关系,指出可以采用在罐顶涂刷成本较高的高效太阳反射涂料,在罐壁涂刷一般涂料,以及在罐顶安装反射隔热板来降低立式油罐的小呼吸损耗。
Aiming at the problems of serious loss due to natural volatilization during oil storage and transportation, the environment inside a fixed top metal tank 24h, the top of the tank and the temperature of the tank sidewall were measured and analyzed continuously, Internal oil and oil and gas space, the middle and lower temperature gradient distribution and changes. The results show that the change of oil and gas space temperature is influenced by both ambient temperature and solar radiation. Under the sunlight, the solar radiation energy is the main factor. There is a decreasing temperature gradient in oil and gas space from top to bottom. The following oil temperature, within 24h basically unchanged, the overall oil temperature changes only with the seasons change; within 24h, tank top metal surface temperature changes are very large, while the tank wall temperature remains unchanged. According to the heating characteristics of oil and gas space temperature and its relationship with the small respiratory loss of oil products, it is pointed out that high-efficiency sun-reflective paint with high cost can be applied at the top of the tank, general paint on the tank wall, Hot plate to reduce the vertical tank of small respiratory loss.