介绍了纳滤膜的分离模型,包括膜过程的不可逆热力学模型、空间位阻-孔道模型、溶解-扩散模型、道南平衡模型、电荷模型和静电排斥以及立体位阻模型。综述了近十几年来纳滤膜及其制备方法(L-S相转化法、界面聚合法、溶液涂敷交联法、紫外辐照接枝、和电泳沉积法等)的研究进展。总结并展望了纳滤膜及其制备方法中存在的问题和发展前景。 The separation model of nanofiltration membrane is introduced, including the irreversible thermodynamic model, the steric - pore model, the diffusion - diffusion model, the south - south equilibrium model, the charge model, the electrostatic repulsion model and the steric - resistance model. The research progress of nanofiltration membranes and their preparation methods (L-S phase inversion, interfacial polymerization, solution coating crosslinking, UV irradiation grafting, and electrophoretic deposition) are summarized. The problems and prospects of the nanofiltration membrane and its preparation methods are summarized and prospected.