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城市宗教景观是宗教文化地理研究的重要内容。教堂作为宗教文化景观研究的核心,其时空分布与变迁往往可以透露宗教地域播迁的重要内涵。本文通过提取历史时期福州基督教堂的空间数据,利用GIS及空间分析功能和历史文献分析法,探讨基督教在福州口岸城市的空间分布和扩散。研究结果表明:从时空分布看,1860年以前,福州市基督教堂数量少且集中分布于闽江口和沿江两岸,即茶亭、仓前一带;1860年之后,形成闽江沿岸和旧城区(鼓楼区)并存格局;民国之后,福州市区教堂开始沿着交通线路向外扩散;建国后,福州教堂整体上则呈收缩之势。从传播方式看,福州基督教传教方式总体上处于不断变化之中,突出地表现为从传统的牧师布道方式向现代媒体布道方式转变,辅之以宗教书籍、报刊的刊印和学校、医院等的创建立,客观上推动了福州近代医疗和教育事业的发展。
Urban religious landscape is an important part of religious cultural geography. As the core of the study of religious culture landscape, the distribution and change of the time and space of the church often reveal the important connotation of the relocation of religion. This paper explores the spatial distribution and spread of Christianity in Fuzhou port city by extracting the spatial data of the historical Christian church in Fuzhou and using GIS and spatial analysis functions and historical literature analysis. The results show that before 1860, the number of Christian churches in Fuzhou was small and concentrated in both the Minjiang River estuary and the banks of the Yangtze River, that is, the Chating and the warehouse before 1860. After 1860, the formation of the Minjiang River and the Old City District) coexist; after the Republic of China, Fuzhou, the city began to walk along the traffic route out of the church; after the founding of the PRC, Fuzhou, the overall decline was the church. From the perspective of mode of transmission, the mode of Christian missionary work in Fuzhou is in a constantly changing state, which is prominently manifested in the transformation from traditional preaching sermons to modern media preaching, supplemented by religious books, periodicals, newspapers and periodicals, schools and hospitals Establish and objectively promote the development of modern medical and educational undertakings in Fuzhou.