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目的了解民营医院护士职业倦怠现状并分析其相关影响因素,寻求缓解工作压力的有效办法。方法应用马氏人际工作者倦怠量表(MBI-SS)和护士职业倦怠量表(NBS)简化版,对唐山市6所民营医院267名护士进行调查。结果护士职业倦怠评分为(61.32±22.78),情绪衰竭维度得分(28.57±10.60),去人格化维度得分(11.24±7.32),个人成就感维度得分(21.51±9.50)。多元回归分析表明,情绪衰竭的影响因素是压力源(t=2.46,P<0.05)、积极人格特征(t=-3.94,P<0.05)、社会支持(t=2.42,P<0.05)、再选护理工作(t=2.15,P<0.05)和收入满意度(t=2.88,P<0.05);去人格化的影响因素为积极人格特征(t=2.10,P<0.05)、社会支持(t=2.88,P<0.05)、压力源(t=2.86,P<0.05)、积极应对方式(t=-2.91,P<0.05)、收入满意度(t=2.66,P<0.05);个人成就感的影响因素是积极人格特征(t=4.24,P<0.05)、积极应对方式(t=2.72,P<0.05)。结论民营医院护士职业倦怠情况较为严重,其职业倦怠水平受工作压力源、个性特征和应对方式等因素的影响。
Objective To understand the status quo of job burnout among nurses in private hospitals and analyze the related factors and find effective ways to alleviate the work pressure. Methods A total of 267 nurses from 6 private hospitals in Tangshan City were investigated by using the Malay Interpersonal Burnout Inventory (MBI-SS) and Nursing Job Burnout Scale (NBS) Simplified Version. Results The scores of job burnout in nurses were (61.32 ± 22.78), emotional exhaustion dimension (28.57 ± 10.60), personality dementia score (11.24 ± 7.32), personal accomplishment dimension score (21.51 ± 9.50). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the factors influencing emotional exhaustion were stressors (t = 2.46, P <0.05), active personality traits (t = -3.94, P <0.05), social support (T = 2.15, P <0.05) and income satisfaction (t = 2.88, P <0.05). The influencing factors of depersonalization were positive personality traits (t = 2.10, 2.88, P <0.05), stressors (t = 2.86, P <0.05), positive coping styles (t = -2.91, P <0.05) The influencing factors were positive personality traits (t = 4.24, P <0.05) and positive coping styles (t = 2.72, P <0.05). Conclusion The job burnout of private hospital nurses is more serious. The level of job burnout is affected by the sources of work stress, personality characteristics and coping styles.