我国建筑业具有典型的分散型产业组织特征,市场集中度偏低的主要原因在于进入门槛较低。规模经济、产品差异化、必要资本量、绝对费用等结构性进入壁垒没有起到限制企业进入的作用,而企业资质管理作为一种市场准入制度,虽然构成了建筑市场最主要的进入壁垒,但在等级设定、专业划分等方面缺乏长期性和稳定性,长期来看对于抑制过度进入和优化产业结构的作用比较有限。 China’s construction industry has the typical characteristics of decentralized industrial organization. The main reason for the low market concentration lies in the low barriers to entry. Structural barriers to entry, such as economies of scale, product differentiation, necessary capital, and absolute costs, do not limit the entry of enterprises. As a market access system, enterprise qualification management constitutes the most important entry barrier in the construction market, However, there is a lack of long-term and stability in terms of rank setting and professional division. In the long run, the role of restricting over-entry and optimizing industrial structure is relatively limited.