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本文继续作者近几年来的理论思考和对当代西方文学和文化理论前沿的追踪,试图在纷纭繁复的理论争鸣和思潮迭起中发现其最有代表性的几种理论思潮并预测其未来的走向。作者认为,伊格尔顿的新著《理论之后》的出版并不标志着理论的死亡,倒是预示着当代西方理论进入了一个“后理论时代”,这一点尤其为德里达等理论大师的去世所证实。“后理论时代”的西方理论思潮仍有着清晰的发展走向,但理论本身的功能已经发生了变化,纯粹的侧重形式的文学理论已经无可挽回地进入了衰落的状态,文学理论已经与文化理论融为一体,用于解释全球化时代的各种文化现象。在这样一个民族和语言疆界模糊的语境下,中国的文学和文化理论家已经具备了与国际理论前沿直接对话并对其产生影响的条件。以语言来替代国别撰写新的文学史将是未来的一个趋势。
This article continues the author’s theoretical thinking in recent years and the tracking of the frontiers of contemporary Western literary and cultural theories in an attempt to find out the most representative theoretical currents of thought and predict its future trends in a great deal of complicated theoretical discourse and thoughts. The author believes that Eagleton’s new book “after the theory” does not mark the death of theory, but rather indicates that the contemporary western theory has entered a “post-theoretical era,” especially for the death of such great masters as Derrida Confirmed. However, the function of the theory itself has changed. The literary theory of a purely focused form has irretrievably entered the state of decline. Literary theory has been linked with cultural theory Integration, for the interpretation of a variety of cultural phenomena in the era of globalization. Under such a vague ambiguity of ethnic and linguistic boundaries, Chinese literary and cultural theorists have already had the conditions to directly engage in and influence the frontiers of international theory. It will be a trend in the future to write a new history of literature by using language instead of country.