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目的探讨高体质量指数(BMI),低有氧适能大学生参与承诺约束训练对主观幸福感的影响,为指导学生建立科学合理的锻炼计划提供参考。方法对山东理工大学54名身体质量指数>24 kg/m2的大学生进行有计划并在承诺约束下的有氧运动和抗阻力量训练。在训练前和训练4,8,12周后,分别测试力量、BMI及有氧适能指标,采用大学生总体幸福感量表(GWB)进行主观幸福感测量。结果训练8周或12周后,男、女生BMI、Vo2max及台阶试验指数与训练前比较均有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。训练12周后,男、女生主观幸福感的精力、对生活的兴趣与满足、愉快(或忧郁)的心境、松弛与焦虑(紧张)等因子得分及主观幸福感总分与训练前差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。BMI与主观幸福感的对健康的忧虑与担心因子呈正相关,与精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、愉快(或忧郁)的心境、松弛与焦虑(紧张)等因子呈负相关;Vo2max及台阶试验指数分别与对健康的忧虑与担心之外的其他因子呈正相关。结论大学生高BMI的降低和低有氧适能的提高能增强主观幸福感。
Objective To explore the impact of BMI and sub-optimal training on subjective well-being among college students with low aerobic fitness level, and provide reference for guiding students to establish a scientific and rational exercise program. Methods Fifty-four undergraduates with a body mass index> 24 kg / m2 from Shandong University of Technology were enrolled in aerobic exercise and resistance strength training under planned and promised. Before training and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after training, the indexes of strength, BMI and aerobic fitness were tested respectively, and the subjective well-being was measured by using GWB. Results After 8 weeks or 12 weeks of training, the BMI, Vo2max and the step test index of boys and girls were significantly improved compared with those before training, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). After 12 weeks of training, the score of subjective well-being, subjective well-being, satisfaction and satisfaction with life, state of mind (happy mood), relaxation and anxiety (nervousness) Significance (P <0.05). BMI and subjective well-being were positively correlated with anxiety and anxiety factors, negatively correlated with energy, satisfaction and interest in life, pleasant (or melancholy) mood, relaxation and anxiety (stress) and other factors; Vo2max and step test The indices are positively correlated with other factors besides anxiety and concern for health respectively. Conclusion The decrease of high BMI and the improvement of low aerobic capacity in college students can enhance the subjective well-being.