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1609年,伽利略首次使用望远镜进行天文观测。在国际天文学联合会和联合国教科文组织共同倡议下,联合国大会将2009年正式确定为国际天文年。一百年前,我们甚至不知道银河系的存在,而今天我们已经知道大约起源于137亿年前的宇宙是由数以十亿的星系组成;一百年前,我们还无从判断宇宙中是否有其他类似太阳系的行星系统,而现在我们已经在银河系内找到了300多颗围绕其他恒星旋转的行星,并在探索生命起源的征途中不断向前迈进;一百年前,我们还只能用光学望远镜和照相干板研究天空,而现在我们能采用最尖端的科技,从射电波段到伽马射线,从地面和空间来观测宇宙。为了纪念2009国际天文年,本刊邀请了南京天文光学技术研究所资深研究员、南京中科天文仪器有限公司光学高级顾问李德培为我们讲述我国天文光学观测仪器的发展。
In 1609, Galileo first used telescopes for astronomical observation. At the joint initiative of the International Astronomical Union and UNESCO, the United Nations General Assembly officially identified 2009 as the International Year of Astronomy. We did not even know the existence of the Milky Way a hundred years ago, and today we know that the universe, which originated some 13.7 billion years ago, is made up of billions of galaxies; a century ago we could not judge whether there was any Other planetary systems like the Solar System, and now that we have found more than 300 planets spinning around other stars within the Milky Way and moving forward to explore the origins of life, a hundred years ago we could only use optics Telescopes and photographic plates study the sky, and now we can use state-of-the-art technology, from radio waves to gamma rays, to observe the universe from the ground and from space. In order to commemorate the 2009 International Year of Astronomy, the magazine invited senior researcher Nanjing Astronomical Optical Technology Institute, Nanjing Zhongke Astronomical Instrument Co., Ltd. Optical Senior Advisor Li Tepei told us about the development of astronomical optical observation instruments in China.