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儿童,尤其婴幼儿,消化道处于发育阶段,各器官功能尚不完善,体表面积与体重比成人大,因此经口服及经皮肤黏膜吸收时对药物分布、灭活和反应与成人有显著差别,充分考虑儿童的生理特点对儿科的合理安全用药意义重大。1幼儿药动学特点1.1药物分布和吸收幼儿与成人药物分布差异明显,这与膜的通透性、血浆中白蛋白结合力、幼儿较高的细胞外液(细胞外液与体重比是成人的2倍)、大部分幼儿尤其新生儿体内
Children, especially infants and young children, the digestive tract is in the developmental stage, the function of each organ is not yet perfect, the body surface area and weight are larger than adults, so the oral administration and transdermal mucosal absorption of the drug distribution, inactivation and response were significantly different from adults, Taking full account of children’s physiological characteristics of pediatric rational drug safety is significant. A kindergarten pharmacokinetic characteristics of 1.1 drug distribution and absorption of children and adults significantly different drug distribution, which is membrane permeability, albumin binding in plasma, higher infant extracellular fluid (extracellular fluid to body weight ratio is adult 2 times), most of the children especially the newborn body