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国审小麦品种周麦22号具有高产、稳产、多抗和广适等突出优点,是目前全国种植面积居于前列的品种,也是优异的育种亲本材料。为研究周麦22号的分子遗传学基础以及筛选周麦22的特异引物,利用覆盖小麦全基因组的340个SSR标记对周麦22号及其亲本周麦12号、温麦6号、周麦13号进行SSR标记分析。结果表明,温麦6号对周麦22号的遗传贡献最大(37.35%),其次是周麦13号(36.14%),周麦12号贡献最小(26.51%);周麦22号和其3个亲本间的遗传相似系数的聚类结果与系谱分析不一致,表明在选育过程中亲本遗传物质的传递发生了偏分离;在不同基因组水平上,3个亲本对周麦22号的遗传贡献率差异较明显,在A、B、D三个染色体组上对周麦22号的遗传贡献各有侧重;从340个SSR标记中筛选出28个周麦22号的特异标记,并通过与周麦22号的姊妹系、相似品种、衍生品种及黄淮麦区主推的小麦品种相比较,进一步筛选出1个周麦22号的特异引物Xgwm577,建立了一种能够准确、快速、简便、稳定检测周麦22号品种真实性的检测手段,为周麦22号进一步的遗传改良和推广应用提供了理论参考。
National wheat wheat trial Zhoumai 22 has the prominent advantages of high yield, stable yield, multi-resistance and wide adaptability. It is currently the most cultivated area in the country and is also an excellent breeding parent material. In order to study the molecular genetic basis of Zhoumai 22 and the specific primers for screening Zhoumai 22, 340 SSR markers covering the whole genome of wheat were used to study the effects of Zhoumai 22 and its parents Zhoumai 12, Wenmai 6, Wheat 13 SSR marker analysis. The results showed that Wenmai 6 had the largest genetic contribution (37.35%) to Zhoumai 22, followed by Zhoumai 13 (36.14%) and Zhoumai 12 with the least contribution (26.51%). Zhoumai 22 and its 3 The clustering results of genetic similarity coefficients between parents were inconsistent with that of pedigree analysis, indicating that the segregation of genetic material was segregated during the breeding process. At different genomic levels, the genetic contribution of three parents to Zhoumai 22 The difference was obvious. The genetic contribution to Zhoumai 22 was focused on three chromosome groups A, B and D, and 28 specific markers of Zhoumai 22 were selected from 340 SSR markers. 22 sister lines, similar varieties, derived varieties and the main push wheat varieties Huanghuai wheat compared to further screen out a specific wheat 22 Zhoumai Xgwm577 specific primers to establish an accurate, rapid, simple and stable detection The detection method of authenticity of Zhoumai 22 breed provided theoretical reference for further genetic improvement and popularization and application of Zhoumai 22.