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载体植物系统是近年发展的新型生物防治技术。本文以桃蚜Myzus persicae Sulzer、甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae(Linnaeus)和蚕豆蚜Aphis craccivora为候选替代寄主,烟草、玉米、生菜、甘蓝、蚕豆和菜薹为候选载体植物,确定了菜蚜茧蜂的替代寄主为桃蚜,载体植物为烟草。在确定了合适的蜂(♀)蚜比(1∶100)后,以起始桃蚜量2000头/株构建了载体植物系统。该系统28 d内共产生2770头僵蚜,羽化率为83.33%。在菜蚜为100头的菜薹上接入1头由载体植物系统繁殖所得的雌性菜蚜茧蜂,任其自由寄生24 h后移出,其对目标害虫菜蚜的寄生率达到71.17%。在温室1 m×1 m×1 m的白色网笼中放置菜薹植株15盆,分别向每株菜薹上接入菜蚜20头,自由繁殖15 d后置入1株菜蚜茧蜂载体植物系统,其后7 d和14 d的菜蚜减退率分别为83.11%和95.80%。这说明菜蚜茧蜂载体植物系统能产生大量菜蚜茧蜂,并且在温室中能成功地控制菜蚜危害。
The vector plant system is a new type of biological control technology developed in recent years. In this paper, Myzus persicae Sulzer, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus) and Aphis craccivora were selected as candidate host plants, tobacco, maize, lettuce, cabbage, broad bean and cabbage as candidate plants, The host is Myzus persicae, the carrier plant is tobacco. After determining the appropriate aphid ratio (1: 100), a vector plant system was constructed with an initial aphid population of 2000 heads / strain. The system produced 2,770 dead aphids within 28 days with a rate of emergence of 83.33%. A cabbage aphid fed on 100 heads of the female plant aphid fed by the vegetative plant aphid parasitized, allowed to freely parasitized 24 h after the move, the target pest aphids parasitic rate reached 71.17%. Fifteen pots of Brassica campestris were placed in a white net cage of 1 m × 1 m × 1 m in the greenhouse. 20 cabbage aphids were introduced into each cabbage sprout. After free-breeding for 15 days, 1 cabbage aphid cocoon vector Plant system, the reduction rates of aphids on the 7th day and the 14th day were 83.11% and 95.80% respectively. This shows that aphid cocoon vector plant system can produce a large number of aphid Braconidae, and in the greenhouse can successfully control the aphid harm.