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1898年前后围绕着维新的主题、发生在中国思想界的思想变革运动的主旋律,是高扬尊法的精神,用先秦法家的学说批判儒家文化。站在思想交锋前列的有率先为法家正名的章太炎;有弘扬法治主义反对礼治主义的梁启超;有标榜法治的法理派代表沈家本。由于这些批判本身的局限,破旧之际,无从立新,一方面不能彻底摇动封建国家的理论基石;另一方面却为迎接新的思想革命,即五四运动作好了铺垫。
Around 1898, around the theme of reform, the theme of the ideological transformation movement that took place in the Chinese intellectual world was the spirit of honoring and respecting the law, and Confucianism was criticized in the doctrine of the pre-Qin and legalists. Standing at the forefront of the ideological confrontation is Zhang Tai-yan, who took the lead in claiming to be the legalist; Liang Qichao, who carried forward the rule of law and opposed rulingism; and Shen Jiaben, the law representative who advocated the rule of law. Because of the limitations of these critiques, they are unable to establish themselves on the occasion of dilapidation. On the one hand, they can not completely shake the theoretical cornerstone of feudal states; on the other, they pave the way for the new ideological revolution, that is, the May Fourth Movement.