目的:观察在缺血再灌注(ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)模拟急性肾损伤的小鼠模型中,骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)能否向损伤的肾小管迁移并促进其修复。方法:Percoll密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法有效分离纯化出C57BL/6小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞(mMSCs),5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)标记并采用免疫组化法鉴定。雄性C57BL/6小鼠45只,分为正常对照组(15只)、I/R组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放)、I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放的同时尾静脉注射经BrdU标记的mMSCs)。于建模后1d、2d、3d、7d、14d分别处死部分小鼠(每次每组均处死3只),留取动脉血及肾组织,检测血肌酐(SCr)及尿素氮(BUN)水平,观察肾组织病理变化,荧光组织化学及免疫组织化学观察MSCs在受体小鼠肾组织的分布并对其进行鉴定。结果:经免疫组化证实BrdU标记mMSCs的阳性率可达(98.71±0.32)%。I/R组、I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的BUN及SCr均显著高于正常对照组,但I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的BUN及SCr水平却较同一时间点的I/R组为低,肾小管损伤程度评分也有着显著降低。免疫组化检测显示I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠肾脏中可检测到BrdU+细胞的分布,以术后第3天最多[(19.36±6.94)%]。经荧光组织化学及激光共聚焦显微镜观察证实该BrdU+细胞定位于小鼠的肾小管上皮细胞(renal tubular epithelial cells,RTECs)处,且表达RTECs特异性的标志物角蛋白18(cytokertain-18,CK18)。结论:小鼠发生I/R诱导的急性肾损伤后可诱导MSCs向损伤的肾小管上皮迁移并转化,参与RTECs的更新,促进肾损伤的修复。 OBJECTIVE: To observe whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate to damaged renal tubules and promote their expression in a mouse model of acute kidney injury induced by ischemia / reperfusion (I / R) repair. Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) and 5 - bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were labeled in C57BL / 6 mice by Percoll density gradient centrifugation combined with adherent culture method and identified by immunohistochemistry. Fifty-five male C57BL / 6 mice were divided into normal control group (15), I / R group (15 rats with bilateral renal pedicle open at 30 min), I / R + BrdU-mMSCs group Both sides of the renal pedicle were closed for 30 min while tail vein injection of BrdU-labeled mMSCs was performed. Some mice were sacrificed on the 1st day, 2nd day, 3rd day, 7th day and 14th day respectively after the modeling (3 rats were sacrificed in each group). Arterial and renal tissues were collected for determination of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) , Observe the pathological changes of renal tissue, fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry to observe the distribution of MSCs in the kidney of recipient mice and identify them. Results: The positive rate of BrdU labeled mMSCs was (98.71 ± 0.32)% confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The BUN and SCr in I / R group and I / R + BrdU-mMSCs group were significantly higher than those in normal control group, but the levels of BUN and SCr in I / R + BrdU-mMSCs group were significantly higher than those in I / R + / R group was low, the degree of renal tubular injury also had a significant reduction. Immunohistochemistry showed that the distribution of BrdU + cells in kidneys of I / R + BrdU-mMSCs group was the highest (19.36 ± 6.94%) on the third day after operation. Fluorescence histochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that the BrdU + cells located in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), and expressed RTECs specific marker keratin 18 (cytokertain-18, CK18 ). CONCLUSION: Mice induced I / R-induced acute kidney injury can induce MSCs to migrate to injured renal tubular epithelial cells and transform them, which may be involved in the renewal of RTECs and promote the repair of renal injury.