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本研究在长期定位试验(1983年开始)条件下,研究了宽窄行、免耕、翻耕和常规耕作4种耕作方式土壤水分时空变化规律。结果表明:不同年份0~60 cm土壤含水率季节性变化趋势不规律。从平均土壤含水率来看,宽窄行(苗带)>宽窄行(茬带)>免耕>翻耕>常规耕作,2010~2012年宽窄行(苗带)较常规耕作高1.3个百分点。宽窄行(苗带)或(茬带)播种前0~20 cm土壤含水率明显高于其他处理,其次为免耕,土壤含水率最低为翻耕,差异达到显著(p<0.05)或者极显著(p<0.01)水平。从播种前至成熟期,不同耕作方式0~60 cm土壤含水率基本呈上升趋势,30~50 cm土壤含水率较高,宽窄行(苗带)50~60 cm土壤含水率深松后最高,深松后不仅有利于接纳雨水,而且土壤水分有由茬带向苗带侧下方运移的趋势。
In this study, long-term positioning test (1983) under the conditions of width and width row, no-tillage, tillage and conventional tillage four soil moisture and spatio-temporal changes. The results showed that the seasonal variation trend of soil water content in 0 ~ 60 cm in different years was irregular. From the perspective of average soil water content, width and width (seedling)> width and width (stubble)> no-till> tillage> conventional tillage, 2010 to 2012 wide and narrow row (seedling) 1.3 percentage points higher than conventional farming. The soil moisture of 0 ~ 20 cm before sowing was significantly higher than that of other treatments, followed by no-tillage and the lowest soil moisture was tillage, the difference was significant (p <0.05) or extremely significant (p <0.01) level. From pre-sowing to maturity, soil moisture at 0 ~ 60 cm soil depth increased with the increase of soil moisture at 0 ~ 60 cm soil depth and higher at 30 ~ 50 cm soil depth. Soil moisture at 50 ~ Subsoiling is not only conducive to receiving rainwater, and the soil moisture from the stubble to the belt side of the migration trend.