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东乡语在学校教育中的使用问题是制约东乡族教育发展的一个重要因素。从新中国成立至今,通过接受学校教育而习得汉语的东乡人越来越多。父母的语言教育态度对东乡语传承至关重要,而东乡县城乡教育的非均衡发展又与父母的语言教育态度有着密切的关系。调查发现,在东乡县相对开放的地区,家长重视孩子的汉语学习,调整、甚至是放弃对孩子教授东乡语,主动适应现代教育体制。而在较为封闭的农村地区,家长未意识到现代学校教育的重要性,依旧保持东乡语的被动的代际传承。如何正确认识和处理东乡地区现代学校教育发展和民族传统文化传承之间的关系,对于探寻东乡族的发展具有重大意义。
The use of Dongxiang language in school education is an important factor restricting the development of Dongxiang education. Since the founding of New China, there have been more and more Dongxiang people who have learned Chinese through their schooling. The language education attitude of parents is crucial to the inheritance of Dongxiang language, and the unbalanced development of education in Dongxiang county is closely related to their language education attitude. The survey found that in the relatively open area of Dongxiang County, parents value their children’s Chinese learning, adjustment, and even give up their children to teach Dongxiang language, take the initiative to adapt to the modern education system. In the more closed rural areas, parents did not realize the importance of modern school education and still maintained the passive intergenerational inheritance of Dongxiang language. How to correctly understand and handle the relationship between the development of modern school education in Dongxiang and the inheritance of national traditional culture is of great significance for exploring the development of Dongxiang ethnic group.