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激光淬火枪头相对于工件表面淬火区的倾角直接影响着淬火区域温度场的变化,进而影响淬火表面硬度均匀性。根据五轴激光淬火机床的结构特点,要求在淬火过程中工件表面瞬间淬火区域的法矢须垂直于XOY坐标平面以保证激光淬火质量。提出了利用瞬间淬火区域的四个边界点所组成的两个平面的法矢来确定工件的最佳姿态,并且给出了具体确定四个边界点的计算方法。建立了保证工件最佳姿态的数学模型,利用遗传算法求解出实现最佳位姿C轴A轴的位置角。最后通过对一个具体的三次B样条曲面进行实例计算,验证了该方法的可行性。
The inclination of the laser quenching tip relative to the quenching area on the surface of the workpiece directly affects the change of the temperature field in the quenching area, thereby affecting the uniformity of the quenching surface hardness. According to the structural characteristics of the five-axis laser quenching machine tool, it is required that the normal vector of the quenching area on the surface of the workpiece during quenching be perpendicular to the XOY coordinate plane so as to ensure the quality of the laser quenching. It is proposed to determine the best attitude of the workpiece by using the normals of two planes composed of the four boundary points in the instantaneous quenching region. The method of calculating the four boundary points is given. A mathematical model is established to ensure the best posture of the workpiece. The position angle of the A-axis of the C-axis to achieve the best pose is obtained by genetic algorithm. Finally, an example of a cubic cubic B-spline surface is given to verify the feasibility of the method.