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文化遗产灾害的风险防范是文化遗产保护的重要理念和活动之一。国际文化遗产灾害防范起始于20世纪60~70年代,早期的活动集中于突发性自然灾害引起遗产损失的抢救性活动,目前已逐渐转入全球气候变化对遗产危害的评估与预防。联合国遗产中心、ICOMOS等是遗产风险防范活动的主要组织者和倡导者,欧盟已经开展了洪水、气候变化对遗产危害的评估与防范研究。
Risk prevention of cultural heritage disasters is one of the important concepts and activities of cultural heritage protection. The prevention of international cultural heritage disaster started in the 1960s and 1970s. The early activities focused on the rescue activities that caused the loss of heritage due to sudden natural disasters. At present, the global climate change has gradually shifted the assessment and prevention of heritage hazards. The United Nations Heritage Center and ICOMOS are the major organizers and advocates of heritage risk prevention activities. The EU has conducted studies on the assessment and prevention of heritage hazards from floods and climate change.