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目的分析婴幼儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻的危险因素,以有效防控该病的流行。方法选择2013年1月-2014年10月收治的RV感染性腹泻患儿253例作为观察组,同期未出现呕吐、腹泻症状,且近2周内无发热、咳嗽、咽痛的健康体检儿童250例作为对照组。采用自行设计的调查表,调查内容涉及患儿的基本信息、疫苗接种情况、洗手及吮手指习惯、是否户外活动、接触过腹泻患儿、喂养孩子前是否洗手、是否食用生冷及不洁食物等情况。对数据进行单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。结果按时接种疫苗、良好洗手习惯及母亲喂养孩子前洗手为保护因素,而幼儿吮手指习惯、腹泻患者接触史及食用生冷不洁食物为危险因素。结论保持婴幼儿健康卫生习惯,加强家长宣教,疾病流行期避免与腹泻患者接触,开发安全有效疫苗,强化和健全RV流行病学监测系统是预防轮状病毒感染的重要途径。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in infants and young children in order to effectively prevent and control the epidemic. Methods A total of 253 children with RV-infected diarrhea who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to October 2014 were selected as the observation group. No vomiting and diarrhea symptoms were found during the same period. Children with fever, cough and sore throat in the last 2 weeks Cases as a control group. A self-designed questionnaire covering basic information on children, vaccination, habits of hand washing and finger sucking, outdoor activities, children with diarrhea, hand washing before feeding, consumption of raw and unclean food, etc. Happening. Data were analyzed by univariate and logistic regression analysis. Results Vaccination on time, good hand-washing habits and hand-washing before mother-child feeding were protective factors, while young children sucking finger habits, diarrhea exposure history and eating unhealthy food were risk factors. Conclusion It is an important way to prevent rotavirus infection by keeping health and hygiene habits of infants and toddlers, strengthening parent education, avoiding contact with diarrhea patients during epidemics, developing safe and effective vaccines, and strengthening and perfecting RV epidemiological monitoring system.