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目的分析全国食物中毒事件发生及分布情况,为有关部门制定预防食物中毒措施提供科学依据。方法选择回顾性流行病学方法将所有食物中毒报表和调查资料录入计算机,采用SPSS17.0软件按食物中毒发生时间、中毒原因、场所等进行数据统计分析。结果 2006-2010年全国食物中毒类突发公共卫生事件(以下简称食物中毒事件)报告2 024起,中毒62 828人,死亡973人,涉及100人以上的食物中毒事件61起;食物中毒时间主要集中有7、8、9月份;食物中毒的致病因素以微生物为主;发生在家庭的食物中毒事件报告起数和死亡人数最多。结论加强突发性食物中毒事件的执行效力,加大防控食物中毒事件的宣传力度,是预防和控制食物中毒事件最有效措施。
Objective To analyze the occurrence and distribution of food poisoning incidents in China and provide a scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate measures to prevent food poisoning. Methods Retrospective epidemiological methods were used to record all the food poisoning reports and investigation data into the computer. The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 software according to the time of food poisoning, the cause of poisoning, the places and so on. Results A total of 2 024 cases of public health emergencies of food poisoning (hereinafter referred to as food poisoning incidents) were reported from 2006 to 2010, 62 828 were poisoned, 973 were dead, and 61 were food poisoning incidents involving over 100 persons. The main food poisoning time was Concentration in July, August and September; pathogenic factors of food poisoning mainly microorganisms; occurred in the family food poisoning incidents reported the highest number and deaths. Conclusion Strengthening the effectiveness of emergency food poisoning incidents and intensifying publicity on food poisoning prevention and control are the most effective measures to prevent and control food poisoning incidents.