Heat treatment with the presence of hydrogen (H_(2)) that react with GeE0 centers (·Ge ≡) at high temperature will weaken the refractive index modulation of grating fabricated in hydrogen-loaded normal germanosilicate fiber. Pre-annealing treatment of the
Passive all-optical signal processors that overcome the electronic bottleneck can potentially be the enabling components for the next-generation high-speed and lower power consumption systems. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a CMOS-compati
The development of teranertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) has progressed considerably since their advent almost a decade ago. THz QCLs operating in a frequency range from 1.4 to 4 THz with electron-phonon scattering mediated depopulation schemes ar
A new image enhancement algorithm based on Retinex theory is proposed to solve the problem of bad visual effect of an image in low-light conditions. First, an image is converted from the RGB color space to the HSV color space to get the V channel. Next, t