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马克思与曼海姆在知识社会学方面的差异性主要体现在:马克思的知识社会学思想是从历史唯物主义的层面研究的,而曼海姆则是从社会学层面来研究的;马克思认为“社会存在”的核心是物质生产生活方式,社会意识是对社会存在的反映,而曼海姆认为的“存在”是指除纯粹的理论因素之外的其他一切因素,外延大于马克思的理解;马克思把阶级性看作是划分意识形态的标准,曼海姆则是从社会历史的角度进行分析。
The differences between Marx and Mannheim in sociology of knowledge are mainly reflected in: Marx’s sociology of knowledge is studied from the perspective of historical materialism, Mannheim is studied from the sociological level; Marx thinks At the core of “social existence” is the way of material production and life, and social consciousness is a reflection of social existence. However, Mannheim believes that “existence ” refers to everything but pure theoretical factors and extends beyond Marx’s Marx regarded class nature as the standard of dividing ideology and Mannheim from the perspective of social history.