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亚当·斯密(1723—1790年)是英国古典政治经济学体系的创立者。出生于苏格兰海关官吏家庭。先后在格拉斯科大学和牛津大学攻读数学和自然哲学。1767年后,专门从事政治经济学的研究。他的经济思想的中心内容是经济自由,要求自由地发展资本主义。1776年,他出版了划时代的经济著作《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》,系统地阐述了他的经济思想。马克思指出:“在亚当·斯密那里,政治经济学已发展为某种整体,它所包括的范围在一定程度上已经形成”。
Adam Smith (1723-1790) is the founder of the British classical political economy system. Born in Scottish customs house. Has studied mathematics and natural philosophy at the University of Las Vegas and Oxford. After 1767, specializing in political economy research. The centerpiece of his economic thinking is economic freedom, which calls for the free development of capitalism. In 1776, he published a landmark economic work, “Studies on the Nature and Causes of National Wealth,” systematically elaborating on his economic thinking. Marx pointed out: “In Adam Smith, the political economy has developed into a whole, its scope has been formed to some extent.”