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为了探讨不同耕作模式下氮磷肥施用量对旱作玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响,于2003-2008年在山西寿阳旱农试验站进行了免耕、少耕和传统耕作下氮磷肥用量(105、179和210 kg/hm2 N;N∶P2O5=1∶1)试验。6 a结果显示,该区推荐氮磷用量为105 kg/hm2,传统耕作模式下玉米平均产量和水分利用效率分别为5 234 kg/hm2和12.4 kg/(hm2.mm);少耕模式下玉米平均产量和水分利用效率分别达到5 751 kg/hm2和13.6 kg/(hm2.mm),较传统耕作提高9.9%和9.7%。而免耕模式下氮磷用量为179 kg/hm2时玉米平均产量和水分利用效率最高,分别为5 336 kg/hm2和13.2 kg/(hm2.mm),较传统耕作提高6.1%和9.7%。免耕模式下土壤保水效果最佳,干旱年增产作用尤为明显。3种耕作模式下玉米平均产量和水分利用效率以少耕为最高,免耕次之,传统耕作最低。
In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers application rates on the yield and water use efficiency of dryland maize under different tillage patterns, the nitrogen and phosphorus levels under no-tillage, tillage and conventional tillage (2003-2008) 105, 179 and 210 kg / hm2 N; N: P2O5 = 1: 1). 6 a The results showed that the recommended N and P dosage was 105 kg / hm2 in this area, and the average yield and water use efficiency of corn were 5 234 kg / hm2 and 12.4 kg / (hm2.mm) The average yield and water use efficiency reached 5 751 kg / hm2 and 13.6 kg / (hm2.mm), respectively, 9.9% and 9.7% higher than the traditional tillage. Under no-tillage mode, the average yield and water use efficiency of maize were the highest at 5 336 kg / hm2 and 13.2 kg / (hm2.mm) at nitrogen and phosphorus levels of 179 kg / hm2, which were 6.1% and 9.7% higher than those of conventional tillage. Soil conservation under no-till mode was the best, especially in drought year. The average yield and water use efficiency of maize under the three tillage patterns were the highest with less tillage, the second with no tillage and the lowest with traditional tillage.