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目的分析探讨早期筛查和干预妊娠期糖尿病对母婴健康的重要意义,以期为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法对我院产科2011年2月~2012年8月期间收诊的94例妊娠期糖尿病患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析,根据筛查时间将其分为两组,其中在妊娠24周到28周之间筛查并采用有效措施干预的64例妊娠期糖尿病患者设为观察组,在妊娠28周以后确诊的亦采用有效措施干预的30例患者为对照组。对两组患者妊娠结局及围生儿情况进行分析比较。结果 (1)对照组孕妇发生妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过多、早产和胎膜早破等并发症的几率显著高于观察组,两组孕产妇间并发症的发生率具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.01);(2)对照组剖宫产率、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖以及新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症的发生率显著高于观察组,两组之间具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论对妊娠期进行早期的糖代谢水平监测和筛查,并给予有效的干预措施,能有效降低孕产妇妊娠期并发症的发生率、提高围生儿的生存率。
Objective To analyze and discuss the importance of early screening and intervention of gestational diabetes on maternal and infant health so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The data of 94 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from February 2011 to August 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the screening time, they were divided into two groups, of which 24 weeks to 28 weeks of gestation Sixty-four patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who had been screened for effective intervention were enrolled in the observation group. Thirty patients who were diagnosed after 28 weeks of gestation and were also treated with effective measures were considered as controls. The two groups of patients with pregnancy outcome and perinatal analysis and comparison. Results (1) The incidence of complications of pregnancy-induced hypertension, polyhydramnios, preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group. The incidence of complications among the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). (2) The incidence of cesarean section, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome was significantly higher in the control group than in the observation group, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusions Monitoring and screening of early stage glucose metabolism during gestation and giving effective interventions can effectively reduce the incidence of complications during pregnancy and improve the survival rate of perinatal children.