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目的 :为了便捷地建立肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型及优选其实验诊断方法。方法 :给大鼠皮下注射醋酸泼尼松龙 ,同时用全价颗粒饲料及加入四环素的饮水喂饲 ,建立卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型 ,以支气管肺泡灌洗物涂片、肺印片和肺组织病理切片进行实验诊断。结果 :从大鼠体内检测到卡氏肺孢子虫仅需 3周时间 ,与传统方法比较要提早 2～ 3周。支气管肺泡灌洗物涂片法阳性率为 94%。结论 :本研究不但饲喂方法简便 ,而且能较快地获取动物模型和原虫标本 ,故具有实用价值。支气管肺泡灌洗物涂片法可作为临床首选实验诊断方法。
OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of pneumocystis pneumonia and optimize its experimental diagnosis method. Methods: Rats were injected subcutaneously with prednisolone acetate. At the same time, the animal model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was established by feeding full-grain pellets and tetracycline drinking water. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid smear, Pulmonary histopathology for experimental diagnosis. Results: It took only 3 weeks to detect Pneumocystis carinii in rats, which was 2 to 3 weeks earlier than the traditional method. Bronchoalveolar lavage smear positive rate was 94%. Conclusion: In this study, not only the feeding method is simple, but also the animal models and protozoa specimens can be obtained quickly, so it is of practical value. Bronchoalveolar lavage smear method can be used as the clinical preferred method of experimental diagnosis.