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为降低危险废弃物运输风险,建立既定路径下基于离散时变条件的危险废弃物运输模型。用动态规划方法求解模型。分别从静态网络和动态网络2个状态分析案例,以验证模型的有效性。计算结果表明:静态网络中采用单位时间事故频率与运输时间的乘积来衡量事故频率时,模型的目标值小于采用单位距离事故频率与运输距离的乘积来衡量事故频率时模型的目标值,采用前者衡量事故频率时,各路段的运输风险更小;动态网络下模型的目标值是不断波动的,大多数出发时间对应的模型目标值优于静态网络中模型的目标值,且存在最优的运输出发时间;同静态网络下2种方法的计算结果相比,风险分别降低39%和31.8%。
In order to reduce the risk of hazardous waste transportation, a model of hazardous waste transportation based on discrete and time-varying conditions is established. Use dynamic programming method to solve the model. Analyze two cases from static network and dynamic network to validate the validity of the model. The calculation results show that when the accident frequency is measured by the product of the frequency of accidents per unit time and the transportation time in the static network, the target value of the model is less than the product of the frequency of accidents and the transport distance by unit distance to measure the target value of the model at the accident frequency. When the accident frequency is measured, the risk of transportation in each section is smaller; the target value of the model in the dynamic network fluctuates constantly, and the target value of the model corresponding to most of the departure time is better than the target value of the model in the static network, and there is an optimal transportation Departure time; compared with the static network under the two methods of calculation, the risk decreased by 39% and 31.8%.