《史记》卷一一六《西南夷列传》以“土著”和“移徙”区分古代居民生活与生产的基本形式。其实,以长时段的历史视角观察,“土著”者也往往经历过“移徙”的过程。许多迹象表明,在交通条件似乎相当落后的上古时代,人口的流动曾经有惊人的幅度与规模。重庆地区位于南中国与北中国的交界地带,也是通常所说中国中部地区与西部地区相衔接区域的中点。由于特殊的区位形势和交通条件,自古以来,既是中国中、西部人口迁徙的重要中转站,亦是历史上中国人口由东向西迁徙中移民 “Records of the Historians,” Volume 116 “The Biography of Southwest Yi Yi” to “indigenous” and “migration” to distinguish the basic form of ancient life and production. In fact, from a historical perspective of long periods of time, “indigenous people” tend to experience the “migration” process. There are many indications that in the ancient times when traffic conditions seemed rather backward, the flow of population had been staggering in magnitude and scale. The area of ​​Chongqing lies at the junction of South China and North China and is also the midpoint of what is commonly referred to as the convergence of the central and western parts of China. Due to the special geographical situation and traffic conditions, since ancient times, it has been an important transit point for the population migration in central and western China as well as the immigrants who historically migrated from east to west in China