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目的评估ＨＣＶ感染状况、ＨＣＶ感染的危险因素与原发性肝癌的关系。方法采用病例对照研究的方法，对江苏省北部不同人群共１７３６人进行了血清抗－ＨＣＶ检测。结果一般居民、医院职工、职业献血员、输血后肝炎病人、慢性肝炎病人、肝硬化和原发性肝癌病人抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率分别是１．９％、３．４％、１１．２％、８６．７％、５．５％、２２．９％和１３．０％。自然人群男、女之间的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率无差别（χ２＝０．２１，Ｐ＞０．０５）；职业献血员男性感染高于女性（χ２＝１９．６，Ｐ＜０．０１），且随年龄增加而升高（χ２＝４７．９，Ｐ＜０．０１）。组间单因素，配比因素和Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归因素比较，ＨＣＶ感染和本人肝病史对原发性肝癌的发生有重要意义。结论我国ＨＣＶ感染水平与国外无异，个人肝病史和ＨＣＶ感染可能是原发性肝癌的重要危险因素
Objective To assess the status of HCV infection and the relationship between risk factors of HCV infection and primary liver cancer. Methods A case-control study was conducted to detect the anti-HCV in 1736 people from different populations in northern Jiangsu Province. Results The positive rates of anti-HCV in general residents, hospital staff, professional blood donors, post-transfusion hepatitis patients, chronic hepatitis patients, cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma were 1.9%, 3.4%, 11.2% 86.7%, 5.5%, 22.9% and 13.0%. The positive rates of anti-HCV in the natural population were no difference (χ2 = 0.21, P> 0.05); the occupational blood donors’ male infection was higher than that in the female (χ2 = 19.6, P <0.01) , And increased with age (χ2 = 47.9, P <0.01). Compared between single factor, matching factor and Logistic regression factors, the history of HCV infection and my liver history is of great significance to the occurrence of primary liver cancer. Conclusions Our country’s HCV infection level is similar to that of foreign countries, and personal liver history and HCV infection may be important risk factors for primary liver cancer