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许多化学致癌物需要经代谢活化形成能与DNA等生物大分子作用的终致癌物,才能发挥致癌效应。癌症的发生是多基因参与多阶段发展的复杂过程。终致癌物可在癌症形成的各个阶段引起DNA损伤并启动基因突变。除细胞色素P450和前列腺素合成酶是参与致癌物活化最常见的途径外,脂氧合酶也与这些化学物的致癌作用有关。
Many chemical carcinogens need to be metabolized and activated to form the final carcinogen that can interact with biological macromolecules such as DNA to exert the carcinogenic effect. The occurrence of cancer is a complex process in which multiple genes participate in multi-stage development. Carcinogenic end-products can cause DNA damage and initiate mutations in all stages of cancer formation. In addition to cytochrome P450 and prostaglandin synthase are the most common pathways involved in carcinogen activation, lipoxygenases are also involved in the oncogenic effects of these chemicals.