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1939年9月9日,中苏签订了《组设哈密、阿拉木图间定期飞航合约》(简称《中苏航空合约》),共同出资组建中苏航空公司,开辟苏联阿拉木图经中国新疆伊犁、迪化(今乌鲁木齐)至哈密航线,经营中苏间的旅客、货物及邮件运输业务,期限10年。1948年末至1949年初,当该合约期限即将届满时,国民政府内部就是否与苏方继续签订有关新疆地区航空合约,曾展开了争论。在决定开始谈判后,双方分别从各自利益出发,提出了自己的谈判条件。本文根据相关资料,对该续约签订经过略作概述,以努力还原这次鲜为人知的外交事件的原貌,并探究其得失。
On September 9, 1939, China and the Soviet Union signed the “Establishment of Scheduled Flight Contract Between Hami and Alma-Ata” (“Sino-Soviet Airline Contract”) jointly funded the establishment of the China-Soviet Airlines and opened up the Almaty of the Soviet Union via China Xinjiang Ili, Dihua (now Urumqi) to Hami route, operating the passenger, cargo and mail transport between China and the Soviet Union, a period of 10 years. From the end of 1948 to the beginning of 1949, when the term of the contract was about to expire, there was debate in the Kuomintang government about whether to continue signing the air services contract with the Soviet Union in the Xinjiang region. After deciding to start negotiations, the two sides set forth their own negotiating conditions on the basis of their respective interests. Based on the relevant information, this article gives a brief overview of the renewal contract in an effort to restore the original appearance of the little-known diplomatic event and explore its gains and losses.