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本试验以抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号为研究对象,将几种非转基因常规栽培水稻种植在其周围,按不同距离收集F1代非转基因水稻种子。采用PCR技术对各点收集的水稻种子进行转基因杂种鉴定,统计并分析抗虫转基因水稻中外源基因向非转基因常规栽培水稻漂移的频率。结果表明:外源Bt基因向P13381和春江063水稻平均漂移频率皆为零。而抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号与非转基因水稻合系22-2、天香、明恢63、P1157几个品种不同程度地发生了转基因漂移,平均漂移频率最高为0.875%,并且漂移频率随着距离加大而逐渐降低,而在7 m以外的所有采样点平均转基因漂移频率为零。该研究表明抗虫水稻华恢1号外源基因的基因漂移频率非常低,其对生态环境的潜在风险很小,通过田间合理布局进行物理隔离,保持合适距离,以及科学安排农时,错开花期等方式,能有效控制转基因水稻外源基因漂移和降低因转基因逃逸带来生态风险。
In this experiment, the insect-resistant transgenic rice Huahui 1 was taken as the object of study. Several non-transgenic conventional cultivated rice plants were planted around them. F1 non-transgenic rice seeds were collected at different distances. PCR techniques were used to identify the transgenic hybrids of rice seeds collected at each point, and the frequency of foreign genes in the transgenic insect-resistant rice transgenic to non-transgenic conventional rice cultivars was calculated and analyzed. The results showed that the exogenous Bt gene to P13381 and spring 063 average drift frequency of rice are zero. Transgenic drifts occurred in several varieties of insect-resistant transgenic rice Huahui 1 and non-transgenic rice lines 22-2, Tianxiang, Minghui 63 and P1157 with the average drift frequency up to 0.875%, and the drift frequency with The distance increases and decreases gradually, while the average GM drift frequency is zero at all sampling points outside 7 m. This study showed that the exogenous gene of insect-resistant rice Huahui 1 has a very low frequency of gene drift and its potential risk to the ecological environment is very small. Physical isolation through reasonable layout in the field, maintaining proper distance, and scientific arrangement of agriculture, wrong flowering and other ways , Which can effectively control the exogenous gene transfer in transgenic rice and reduce the ecological risk caused by transgene escape.