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目的探讨儿科呼吸道标本病原菌分布情况及耐药性监测结果。方法收集2015年7月—2016年8月因呼吸道感染在儿科治疗的患儿呼吸道标本2 000份,对标本进行培养、抗菌药物敏感性与耐药性试验,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 2 000份标本中共分离出病原菌283株,主要为流感嗜血杆菌(58.3%)、肺炎链球菌(20.14%)及卡他莫拉菌(18.73%);药物敏感试验显示流感嗜血杆菌及卡他莫拉菌的β-内酰胺酶阳性率分别为41.8%和100.0%,青霉素耐药性检出率为3.8%。结论流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌及卡他莫拉菌是儿科呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,定期对病原菌分布情况进行统计分析,同时对耐药性进行监测分析,能够及时准确掌握病原菌耐药性变化情况,对儿童科学用药起到指导作用。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in pediatric respiratory specimens and the monitoring results of drug resistance. Methods A total of 2 000 airway samples were collected from pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections from July 2015 to August 2016. The samples were cultured, tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and drug resistance, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 283 pathogens were isolated from 2 000 specimens, mainly including Haemophilus influenzae (58.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (20.14%) and Moraxella catarrhalis (18.73%). Drug sensitivity tests showed that Haemophilus influenzae and The positive rates of β-lactamase of Moraxella catarrhalis were 41.8% and 100.0% respectively, and the detection rate of penicillin resistance was 3.8%. Conclusions Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis are the main pathogenic bacteria in pediatric respiratory tract infections. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria is regularly analyzed statistically. At the same time, the drug resistance is monitored and analyzed, which can timely and accurately detect the change of drug resistance of pathogens Situation, play a guiding role in children’s scientific medication.