以离子发动机栅极系统为研究对象,基于网格质点法(PIC),建立了二维数值计算模型.利用模型能够较好地模拟离子在栅极系统中的运动,得到栅极系统周围的电势分布以及离子和电子的密度分布等.进一步的计算结果表明,在几何参数一定的条件下,加速栅极电压以及加速栅极孔径对加速栅极下游的电子密度分布有重要的影响.选取合适的加速栅极电压和孔半径,可以阻止电子回流的产生,使离子发动机获得较佳的性能. Taking the ion gate system as the research object, a two-dimensional numerical calculation model was established based on the grid particle method (PIC), which can simulate the movement of ions in the grid system well and obtain the potential around the grid system Distribution and density distribution of ions and electrons, etc. Further calculations show that accelerating the gate voltage and accelerating the gate aperture have an important effect on accelerating the distribution of electron density downstream of the gate under certain geometrical parameters.Selecting suitable Accelerating the gate voltage and hole radius, can prevent the electronic reflux, resulting in better performance of the ion engine.