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对证据法律模式理论的研究和论证,在我国还处于萌芽阶段,几近空白。对这一新的证据理论的研究,既需要法哲学的指导与启迪,充分运用“法律模式论”的理论,又需要对诉讼模式和证据法律模式的关系的正确把握,同时,亦需要对各国证据法律模式进行充分的认识与深入的比较。本文通过比较研究与宏观分析和微观分析及实证分析的方法,剖析了英美法系国家证据法律模式和大陆法系国家证据法律模式的结构特点,以证据法律模式与诉讼模式的互动关系为基础,首次提出了证据法律模式的双重含义理论。即证据法律模式应包括宏观模式和微观模式这两层含义,证据法律的宏观模式与其诉讼模式相一致;而证据法律的微观模式则是指抽象意义上的证据法的结构样式和证据法的各个结构要素的相互关系。以此为出发点,将大陆法系国家的证据法律模式界定为宏观上的现代职权制模式和微观上的“原则—制度—程序--规则—概念”模式;而将英美法系国家的证据法律模式界定为宏观上的对抗制模式和微观上的“规则—概念”模式。以此为基础,通过对我国现行证据法律的分析和研究,得出这样的结论:我国目前证据法的模式,从宏观上看,应属中国式的对抗制模式;而从微观上看,则属“原则—制度—规则—科技—概念”模式。无疑,证据法律模式理论作为一种新的证据理论,对我国统一证据法的制定和理解及适用都将具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。
The research and demonstration of the evidence theory model are still at the embryonic stage in our country and almost empty. The study of this new evidence theory not only requires the guidance and enlightenment of Jurisprudence, but also makes full use of the theory of “law model” and needs to correctly grasp the relationship between litigation model and evidence law model. At the same time, it also needs Fully understand and in-depth comparison of evidence and legal models in different countries. This paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the evidence law model in common law countries and the evidence legal law pattern in civil law countries based on the comparative analysis and micro analysis and empirical analysis methods. Based on the interaction between the evidence law and litigation models, For the first time put forward the dual meaning theory of evidence legal model. That is, the legal mode of evidence should include the two meanings of macro mode and micro mode. The macro mode of law of evidence is consistent with its litigation mode. The micro mode of evidence law refers to the structural mode of evidence law and the law of evidence Structural elements of the interrelationship. From this point of view, the legal and legal mode of the civil law countries is defined as the macro-modern mode of power system and microscopic “principle-system-procedure-rule-concept” mode. The legal model of evidence is defined as a macro-adversarial model and a micro-“rule-concept” model. Based on this, through the analysis and study of the current law of evidence in our country, we come to the conclusion that the current mode of evidence law in our country should be a Chinese-style adversarial model from a macroscopic point of view. From the microscopic point of view, Belong to “principle - system - rules - technology - concept ” mode. Undoubtedly, as a new evidence theory, the theory of evidence law model will have important theoretical and practical significance for the formulation, understanding and application of the unified evidence law in our country.