《史记》被公认是历史实录,《夷坚志》自认为是社会实录,两者有继承关系,本文比较其内容和艺术上的异同。《夷坚志》影响到后代的如《南村辍耕录》、《剪燈新话》、《聊斋志异》等一流笔记、小说名著。当代受影响的如荣获中国文学最高奖项———“茅盾文学奖”的《白鹿原》、《张居正》、《野葫芦引》、《曾国藩》、《走在人生的边上》等一些当代中国的一流名著。本文则以实例说明古代作家相信和热心描写占卜的真实心理。 “Historical Records” is generally recognized as a historical record, “Yi Jianzhi” consider themselves as social records, the two have an inheritance relationship, this article compares its content and artistic similarities and differences. “Yi Jian Zhi” affect the descendants such as “Nakamura cease cultivation record”, “New calligraphy”, “Liao Zhai Zhiyi” and other first-class notes, novel masterpiece. Contemporary contemporary art, such as “White Deer Plain”, “Zhang Juzheng”, “Wild Gourd Citation”, “Zeng Guofan” and “Walking on the Edge of Life” won the highest award of Chinese literature --- “Mao Dun Literature Award” China’s first-class masterpiece. This article illustrates the true psychology of the ancient writers who believe in and devoutly describe the divination by examples.