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随机抽取太原市居民区某幼儿园 2～ 6岁 395名儿童为研究对象 ,用自拟问卷调查儿童被动吸烟情况 ,采指端末梢血 2 0 μl,原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅。结果表明 :家庭成员中吸烟无任何限制者高达 89 37% ,来访客人是否吸烟同家庭成员是否吸烟密切相关 (r=0 6 182 ,P =0 0 181) ,6 2 5 3 %幼儿存在ETS暴露。暴露组幼儿血铅水平 (2 6 98μg/dl)及铅中毒流行率 (87 45 % )明显高于非暴露组 (2 2 2 4μg/dl,6 0 81% )。幼儿血铅水平及铅中毒流行率随家庭成员吸烟量与时间增加明显升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,被动吸烟对 2岁年龄组的影响存在较其他年龄组严重的趋势 ,多元逐步回归分析显示被动吸烟与血铅值相关。据此推导 :被动吸烟影响幼儿血铅水平 ,可能年龄越小 ,越易感和脆弱。
A random sample of 395 children aged 2 ~ 6 years in a kindergarten in residential area of Taiyuan City was used to investigate passive smoking in children. Blood samples were taken from 20 ℃ peripheral blood of finger tip and blood lead by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results showed that 89.7% of the family members had no restrictions on smoking and whether smoking was closely related to family members’ smoking (r = 0 6 182, P = 0 181). There were 62.53% of children with ETS exposure . The level of blood lead (2 6 98 μg / dl) and the prevalence of lead poisoning (87 45%) in exposed group were significantly higher than those in non-exposed group (22 224 μg / dl, 60 81%). Prevalence of lead levels and lead poisoning in toddlers increased significantly with smoking and time (P <0.05). The impact of passive smoking on 2-year-old age group was more serious than that of other age groups. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis Shows passive smoking and blood lead values. According to this deduction: passive smoking affect the level of blood lead in children may be younger, more susceptible and vulnerable.