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目的调查鉴江流域水源性高碘村居民碘营养状况,掌握水源性高碘对居民甲状腺容积的影响,为预防控制高水碘危害提供科学依据。方法在水碘调查结果分析的基础上,抽取高碘改水村、高碘未改水村、适碘改水村和适碘未改水村常住居民,调查居民的尿碘含量、儿童甲状腺容积、食用盐碘含量和饮水来源等。结果调查高碘未改水村9个702人,居民尿碘中位数为199.0μg/L;调查高碘改水村4个371人,居民尿碘中位数为174.0μg/L;高碘未改水和改水村居民的尿碘中位数差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查适碘未改水村13个1 086人,居民尿碘中位数为156.4μg/L;调查适碘改水村4个468人,居民尿碘中位数为135.0μg/L。调查6~12岁儿童1 356人,甲状腺肿大率为1.0%(14/1 356)。调查30个村1 293户居民家庭的食用盐情况,不同类别村的碘盐覆盖率在95.3%~98.7%之间,盐碘中位数在24.8~27.9 mg/kg之间。共抽查7个未改水村245户家庭,其中241户的烹饪用水均为井水,94户家庭直饮水是从市场购买的桶装水。结论水源性高碘自然村儿童甲状腺肿大率较低,改水与未改水村居民的尿碘水平存在差异;建议采取以地表水为水源的改水降碘防控措施。
Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of residents with high iodine concentration in Jiangyin River Basin and to know the effect of high iodine content on the thyroid volume of residents, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of high iodine hazard. Methods Based on the analysis of water iodine survey results, we selected the residents with high iodine to change water village, high iodine did not change water village, suitable iodine to change water village and suitable iodine did not change the resident of water village, investigated residents’ urinary iodine content, children’s thyroid volume, Content and sources of drinking water. Results A survey of 9702 residents who did not change their drinking water in high iodine water was carried out. The median urinary iodine was 199.0 μg / L. Among them, 371 were treated with high iodine and water for changing water. The median urinary iodine was 174.0 μg / L, The median urinary iodine of residents in Shuishui and Gengshui villages was statistically significant (P <0.01). The survey did not change the irrigated 13 1380 rural residents, the median urinary iodine was 156.4μg / L; survey suitable iodine change water village 4 468 people, the median urinary iodine was 135.0μg / L. A total of 1,356 children aged 6 to 12 years were investigated. The goiter rate was 1.0% (14/1 356). The edible salt status of 1 293 households in 30 villages was investigated. The coverage of iodized salt in different types of villages was between 95.3% and 98.7% and the median of salt and iodine was between 24.8 and 27.9 mg / kg. A total of 245 households were surveyed in 7 unimported villages, of which 241 were all well water for cooking and 94 households were drinking bottled water purchased from the market. Conclusions The goiter rate of children with water-source high-iodine natural villages is relatively low. There are differences in urinary iodine levels between residents of water-conservancy villages and those of non-water-conservancy residents. It is suggested that water and iodine-controlling measures should be taken to use surface water as water source.