论文部分内容阅读
目的对高血压脑出血住院患者医院感染的危险因素进行研究。方法对760例高血压脑出血住院患者病历资料进行分析。结果 760例患者中发生医院感染72例,医院感染率为9.47%。其中下呼吸道、手术切口及泌尿道发生感染的几率最高,分别为50.00%、16.67%、11.11%。共分离病原菌102株,其中革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌分别为62株和40株,所占比例分别为60.78%和39.22%;病原菌分布比例中最高的三种为表皮葡萄球菌(19.61%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(17.65%)和大肠埃希菌(13.73%)。危险因素分析结果显示,合并基础疾病、侵入性操作、使用呼吸机、抗菌药物使用时间>20 d及住院时间>30 d是导致高血压脑出血患者医院感染的危险因素。结论神经外科高血压脑出血患者医院感染率较高,应加强其医院感染监测,并针对危险因素采取有效预防控制措施。
Objective To study the risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods 760 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage hospitalized patients were analyzed. Results Among the 760 patients, 72 cases were hospital infection and the hospital infection rate was 9.47%. Among them, the lower respiratory tract, surgical incision and urinary tract infections were the highest, with 50.00%, 16.67% and 11.11% respectively. A total of 102 strains of pathogens were isolated, of which Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci were 62 strains and 40 strains respectively, accounting for 60.78% and 39.22% respectively; the highest three strains of pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.61% ), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.65%) and Escherichia coli (13.73%). Risk factors analysis showed that the combined risk of basic diseases, invasive procedures, the use of ventilator, antibacterial drugs for> 20 d and hospital stay> 30 d were the risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusions The hospital infection rate of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in neurosurgery is higher. Monitoring of nosocomial infection should be strengthened and effective prevention and control measures should be taken according to risk factors.