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目的了解汽车维修企业的职业病危害现状,为汽车维修企业职业病危害防控提供依据。方法对杭州市8家汽车4S店和4家汽修连锁店的维修车间进行现场调查、职业病危害因素检测和防护设施测评,采用MES法评估各岗位的职业危害风险。结果汽车维修企业的打磨岗位职业病危害因素浓度或强度符合要求,喷漆岗位正常作业时化学危害因素浓度均合格,但通风系统关闭时部分企业二甲苯和乙酸丁酯浓度超标,钣金岗位有噪声强度超标现象。喷烤漆房通风系统和干磨机除尘器的防护有效。打磨和喷漆岗位的职业病危害风险评估结果为稍有危险,钣金岗位为一般危险。结论汽车维修企业的职业病危害因素较复杂,钣金岗位噪声危害相对突出。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational hazards in automobile maintenance enterprises and provide basis for prevention and control of occupational hazards in automobile maintenance enterprises. Methods On-site investigation, occupational hazard factor testing and protective facility evaluation were conducted on the repair shops of 8 automobile 4S shops and 4 auto repair chains in Hangzhou City. The MES method was used to evaluate the occupational hazards of all posts. Results The concentrations or intensities of occupational hazards in the grinding station of the auto repair enterprises met the requirements. The concentration of chemical hazards in the normal operation of the painting station was acceptable. However, the concentration of xylene and butyl acetate in some enterprises when the ventilation system was shut down exceeded the noise intensity of the sheet metal posts Exceeded the phenomenon. Spray paint room ventilation system and dry mill dust collector protection effective. Occupational hazards risk assessments for sanding and paint jobs are a bit risky and sheet metal jobs are a general hazard. Conclusion The occupational hazards of auto repair enterprises are complex and the noise hazards of sheet metal posts are relatively prominent.