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本文就盐对苯—甲醇及环已烷—甲醇两个体系混溶性的影响,进一步分析了早年作者等所提出的“分层函数”R 和“溶剂化参数”α及β的物理意义、数量变化及其与溫度的依赖关系.分层函数(X_A、X_B 及 X_S 分别为体系开始分层时醇、苯或环已烷、盐三者的摩尔分数)与双液比 X_A/X_B 对划,在三元系韵拆点(Plait point)处发生急转弯,成为估算折点的一个简易方法.这个转弯在低温时是曲线的极大点;随着温度的升高,逐渐变为平坦,而后又成为极小点。溶剂化参数α及β是利用 Basinski的方法求得的,如把 X_A 分成 X_(AS)+X_(AB)两部分,则 X_(AS)/X_S即为α,X_(AB)/X_B即为β。当盐固定时,利用它们的大小可以区分不同双液系混溶性的大小;而当双液比固定时,利用它们又可以区分不同盐的分层能力的强弱。最后,还利用分子间的相互作用及分子热运动急剧程度的变化说明了α和β随温度的变化。
In this paper, the influence of salt on the miscibility of benzene-methanol and cyclohexane-methanol system was analyzed. The physical meaning of the “stratification function” R and “solvation parameter” α and β proposed by the early writers were further analyzed. (X_A, X_B and X_S are the mole fractions of alcohol, benzene or cyclohexane, and salt respectively when the system starts to stratify) and the ratio of two-liquid ratio X_A / X_B, A sharp turn at the Plait point of the ternary system is an easy way to estimate the turning point, which is the extreme point of the curve at low temperatures, gradually becoming flat as the temperature rises, and then Has become the minimum point. The solvation parameters α and β are obtained by Basinski’s method. For example, if X_A is divided into two parts of X_ (AS) + X_ (AB), X_ (AS) / X_S is α, and X_ (AB) β. When the salt is fixed, the sizes of different two-liquid systems can be distinguished by their size. When the two-liquid ratio is fixed, they can be used to distinguish the delamination ability of different salts. Finally, the changes in α and β with temperature are also illustrated by the intermolecular interactions and the dramatic changes in molecular thermal motion.