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目的了解吉林省2005—2014年流行性腮腺炎(流腮)的流行病学特征,为进一步防控流腮炎提供参考依据。方法对2005—2014年吉林省疾病监测系统报告的流腮病例进行描述分析。结果 2005—2014年吉林省共报告流腮病例49 185例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率为17.92/10万。2008年发病率最高为26.58/10万,其次为2012年,为25.37/10万,2014年发病率最低13.08/10万。有明显的季节性,为双峰分布,4—7月和11月至翌年1月为高峰期。9个市、州均有病例报告,病例数最多是长春市(13 534例,27.53%),发病率最高为四平市(25.26/10万);延边州2013—2014年发病率呈上升趋势,发病率分别为30.24/10万、40.46/10万。0~14岁儿童占78%,发病以学龄儿童为主,9岁发病率最高,为195.99/10万,其次为6岁(159.07/10万)和7岁(150.52/10万);0~14岁人群平均发病率为99.14/10万,≥15岁人群发病率为2.04/10万。男女性别比为1.66:1,0~14岁人群为2.49:1,≥15岁人群为1:1.34。男性发病率(22.08/10万)高于女性(13.74/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。0~14岁人群中男性发病率(119.35/10万)是女性(66.52/10万)1.79的倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),≥15岁人群发病率女性(7.34/10万)高于男性(5.51/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论针对重点人群和流行季节,加强疫情监测;借鉴国内外经验,建议流腮疫苗的接种程序由1剂次增至2剂次,在学龄前完成第2剂次,以降低15岁以下人群流腮的高发。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps (mumps) from 2005 to 2014 in Jilin Province, and to provide a reference for prevention and treatment of mumps. Methods The mumps cases reported by Jilin Province Disease Surveillance System from 2005 to 2014 were analyzed. Results A total of 49 185 cases of mumps were reported in Jilin Province from 2005 to 2014, with no deaths. The annual average reported incidence was 17.92 / 100000. The highest incidence in 2008 was 26.58 / 100000, followed by 2012, at 25.37 / 100000, the lowest incidence in 2014 was 13.08 / 100000. There is a clear seasonal distribution for bimodal peaks from April to July and from November to January of the following year. Nine cities and prefectures reported cases, with the highest number of cases being Changchun (13 534 cases, 27.53%) and the highest incidence being Siping City (25.26 / 100000). The incidence of Yanbian from 2013 to 2014 showed an upward trend, The incidence rates were 30.24 / 100000 and 40.46 / 100000 respectively. Children aged 0-14 years old accounted for 78%. The incidence was mainly in school-age children, with the highest incidence at 9 years of age being 195.99 / 100,000, followed by 6 years (159.07 / 100,000) and 7 years (150.52 / 100,000) The average incidence of 14-year-old population was 99.14 / 100000, the incidence of ≥15-year-old population was 2.04 / 100000. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.66: 1.49 for 1-year-olds and 1: 1.34 for ≥15-year-olds. The incidence of males (22.08 / 100000) was higher than that of females (13.74 / 100000), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). The incidence of males (119.35 / 100000) in the population aged 0-14 years was 1.79 times that of females (66.52 / 100000), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001), and the incidence of females (≥15 years) was 7.34 per 100 000 ) Higher than males (5.51 / 100000), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion To strengthen the surveillance of epidemic situation in key population and epidemic season, draw lessons from domestic and foreign experience, it is suggested that the vaccination program of mumps vaccine is increased from 1 dose to 2 doses and the second dose is completed before school age to reduce the crowd flow below 15 years old Gills high hair.