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西方主流经济学的稀缺性假设认为,我们只有有限的资源,却要满足无限的欲望,因此,社会生产和消费只能是“有限——无限”模式。然而,稀缺性假设存在着明显的逻辑错误,即从主客观的不同范畴进行比较,而且这个错误完全掩盖了贫困问题存在的根源——生产相对过剩。而事实上,在一定的时期内资源和需要都会面临一定的约束。也就是说,相对于生产和消费的主观无限性,生产和消费各自都面临着现实的约束,即资源的有限性和各种消费约束。因此,只有回到马克思主义经济学的正确基础之上,从“资源和需要双约束假设”出发,才能合乎逻辑地推出“生产过剩→失业→贫困”因果关系链,为解决贫困问题提供科学的理论基础。
The scarcity assumption of Western mainstream economics holds that we have only limited resources but infinite desire. Therefore, social production and consumption can only be in a “limited - unlimited” mode. However, there is a clear logical error in the scarcity assumption, that is, a comparison is made between different subjective and objective categories and this error completely obscures the root cause of the poverty problem - the relative surplus in production. In fact, in a certain period of time resources and needs will face some constraints. In other words, relative to the subjective and unlimited production and consumption, production and consumption are faced with the actual constraints, namely, the limited resources and various consumption constraints. Therefore, only by returning to the correct foundation of Marxist economics and proceeding from the assumption that resources and needs are double constrained, can we logically introduce a causal chain of overproduction, unemployment and poverty, so as to solve the problem of poverty The problem provides a scientific theoretical basis.