目的　探讨工厂和科研单位管理人员所经历的职业紧张是否不同。方法　采用一般工作紧张问卷和职业紧张测试指标 OSI( )对 34名工厂和 34名研究所男性管理人员的职业紧张因素、行为类型、自尊感、应付策略、工作满意感、躯体抱怨和心理卫生等进行测量 ,采用逐步回归方法和 t检验分析资料。结果　研究所管理人员对人和对事的责任、工作负荷的评分显著地高于工厂管理人员 ,而后者的社会支持和控制信念水平的评分显著高于前者。两样本间三个紧张反应逐步回归方程的预测力不同。工厂和研究所管理人员紧张反应回归方程的主要预测因素也各不相同。结论　船舶研究所管理人员所经历的紧张比工厂管理人员多 ,两样本对职业紧张因素的反应不同 ,这可能与工作任务和管理对策的不同有关 Objective To explore whether occupational tensions experienced by the managers of factories and research institutes are different. Methods The general stress questionnaire and occupational stress test index OSI () were used to investigate the occupational stress factors, behavior types, self-esteem, coping strategies, job satisfaction, body complaints and mental health of male managers in 34 factories and 34 research institutes Measurements were made using stepwise regression and t-test analysis. As a result, the managers of the institute rated their responsibilities to people and things. The scores of work load were significantly higher than those of factory managers, while the scores of social support and control belief of the latter were significantly higher than the former. The predictive power of the three stress responses gradually regression equation between the two samples is different. The main predictors of the regression equation for stress responses in factory and institute managers also vary. Conclusions Managers at the Ships Institute experience more stress than factory managers, and two samples respond differently to occupational stressors, which may be related to differences in tasks and management strategies