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基于地磁矢量高度方向梯度大的特点能够获得高精度的地心距信息,结合利用星敏感器精密测角信息可以得到航天器地心距矢量的高精度方位信息的特性,提出一种基于磁强计与星敏感器的自主导航方法。同时为降低星上计算量、提高自主导航收敛速度和导航精度,以地球固联坐标系下的轨道动力学方程作为系统状态方程,并在此基础上设计了组合导航扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF),利用Swarm卫星高精度磁测数据进行数值仿真校验。结果表明,自主导航滤波器收敛速度快,导航精度明显提高,位置精度和速度精度分别为0.52 km、0.89 m/s(1σ)。
Based on the feature that the gradient of the geomagnetic vector height is large, the geocenter distance information can be obtained with high precision. Combined with the use of the precision angular measurement information of the star sensor, the high-precision azimuth information of the geocenter space vector of the spacecraft can be obtained. Autonomous navigation method of counting and star sensor. At the same time, in order to reduce the computational load on the satellite, and to improve the convergence speed and navigation accuracy of autonomous navigation system, the orbital dynamics equation in the Earth’s solidarity coordinate system is taken as the system state equation. Based on this, the combined navigation extended Kalman filter (EKF ), Using Swarm satellite high-precision magnetic data for numerical simulation. The results show that the autonomous navigation filter has the advantages of fast convergence, obviously improved navigation accuracy, and accuracy of position and speed of 0.52 km and 0.89 m / s (1σ) respectively.