二战以来,围绕着殖民统治与族群形成之间关系这一主题,西方的非洲学界进行了大量的深入研究,相继出现了部族与城镇化、族群与非洲国家建构、建构主义理论、建构主义反思等研究流派。相关研究表明,前殖民时代的非洲并不是由界限鲜明的部落所组成的僵化停滞的社会。“部落”或“族群”是在殖民统治时期形成的,不过它们并非殖民者的创造物,而是非洲社会建构过程的产物。殖民统治急遽改变了非洲的社会结构和空间组织,成为塑造族群认同的主要结构因素。“族群”的形成建立在非洲社会结构演变的基础之上,是非洲现代化经历的重要组成部分。 Since the Second World War, around the theme of the relationship between colonial rule and the formation of ethnic groups, a large number of in-depth studies have been carried out in western African academic circles. Tribal and urbanization, construction of ethnic groups and African countries, constructivism, constructivism and so on Study genre. Relevant research shows that Africa in the pre-colonial era was not a rigid and stagnant society composed of well-defined tribes. Tribal or ethnic groups were formed during colonial rule, but they were not creatures of colonialists but a product of the social construction process in Africa. The rapid colonial rule has changed the social structure and spatial organization in Africa and has become the major structural factor shaping ethnic identity. The formation of the “ethnic group” is based on the evolution of the social structure in Africa and is an important part of the modernization of Africa.