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在油气井开发中后期,由于油层胶结疏松或油井工作制度不合理等会造成油气井出砂,增加流动阻力,使油井减产、甚至停产,同时造成砂卡事故。为确保油井有效生产,必须采取措施消除沉砂,通常采取的措施为水力冲砂和机械捞砂两种方法。在冲砂过程中由于种种原因很容易卡钻,使井况复杂化,为有效预防砂卡事故的发生,提高冲砂施工的成功率,本文也将就其原因及预防措施进行阐述。
In the middle and late stages of oil and gas well development, sand production will be caused by the loose cementing of the oil layer or the unreasonable working system of the oil well, which will increase the flow resistance, reduce the production or even stop production of oil wells, and cause sand card accidents. In order to ensure the effective production of the oil well, measures must be taken to eliminate the grit. The common measures are hydraulic sand blasting and mechanical sand blasting. During the process of sand flushing, it is easy to get stuck because of various reasons, complicating the well conditions. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of sand card accidents and improve the success rate of flushing construction, this paper will also explain the reasons and preventive measures.