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目的确认Ⅰ期胸腺瘤根治术后是否常规行放射治疗。材料与方法前瞻性随机分组研究，１９８１年８月至１９９６年１月，２９例根治术后Ⅰ期胸腺瘤患者入组研究。单一手术组１３例，术后放疗组１６例，年龄≤６５岁。肿瘤在包膜内生长，大体与镜下包膜未受侵。术后放疗组病例，在术后４周内接受放射治疗。放射源８ＭＶ－Ｘ线。多为２个前斜野加楔形板照射，放疗区域为原瘤床区。淋巴细胞为主型照射ＤＴ５０Ｇｙ／５周，上皮或混合细胞型ＤＴ６０Ｇｙ／６周。生存率统计为卡—迈曲线。结果两组均无复发或转移，术后放疗组无严重放射副反应。单一手术组５年和１０年生存率均为９２％，术后放疗组均为８８％，差异无统计学意义。３例死亡，其中１例死于重症肌无力（Ｍｙａｓｔｈｅｎｉａｇｒａｖｉｓ，ＭＧ），２例死于其它疾病。放射治疗未缓解ＭＧ。结论Ⅰ期胸腺瘤无需术后放疗。放射治疗与控制ＭＧ无关
Objective To determine whether radiotherapy is routinely performed after primary thymoma surgery. Materials and Methods A prospective randomized study, from August 1981 to January 1996, enrolled 29 patients with stage I thymomas after radical surgery. There were 13 cases in the single surgery group and 16 cases in the postoperative radiotherapy group, aged ≤ 65 years. Tumors grew within the capsule and the gross and microscopic capsules were not invaded. Patients in the postoperative radiotherapy group received radiation therapy within 4 weeks after surgery. Radioactive source 8MV-X line. Most of the front oblique field plus wedge plate irradiation, radiotherapy area for the original tumor bed area. Lymphocytes predominantly irradiated DT50Gy for 5 weeks, and epithelial or mixed cell types were DT60Gy/6 weeks. Survival statistics are card-Machine curves. Results There was no recurrence or metastasis in both groups. There was no serious radiation side effect in the postoperative radiotherapy group. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 92% in the single surgery group and 88% in the postoperative radiotherapy group. The difference was not statistically significant. Three patients died, one of whom died of myastheniagravis (MG) and the other 2 died of other diseases. Radiation therapy did not alleviate MG. Conclusions Stage I thymoma does not require postoperative radiotherapy. Radiotherapy has nothing to do with controlling MG